Emilkowalski Motion
nexu-io/open-design
Motion-design follow-up skill inspired by Emil Kowalski's animation guidance.
A skill your agent uses when simulating vehicle motion, calculating safe following distances, time-to-collision, speed/position updates, or implementing vehicle state machines for cruise control…
Apache-2.0Auto-check passed
Install Vehicle Dynamics
$ npx skills add benchflow-ai/skillsbench --skill vehicle-dynamics -a claude-codeProject install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.
$ gh skill install benchflow-ai/skillsbench vehicle-dynamics --agent claude-codeProject scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics .claude/skills/vehicle-dynamics && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.
Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/
Install the "vehicle-dynamics" agent skill from https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench/tree/main/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics into .claude/skills/vehicle-dynamics/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "vehicle-dynamics", then confirm the skill loads.Claude Code copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$skill-installer install https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench/tree/main/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamicsType this inside Codex. $skill-installer <name> installs a curated skill from openai/skills. The installer writes to $CODEX_HOME/skills (default ~/.codex/skills). Restart Codex if the skill does not show up.
$ npx skills add benchflow-ai/skillsbench --skill vehicle-dynamics -a codexProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.codex/skills/.
$ gh skill install benchflow-ai/skillsbench vehicle-dynamics --agent codexProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench.git skills-src && mkdir -p .agents/skills && cp -r skills-src/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics .agents/skills/vehicle-dynamics && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.agents/skills/ instead of .agents/skills for a personal install.
Codex skills documentation · loads skills from .agents/skills/
Install the "vehicle-dynamics" agent skill from https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench/tree/main/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics into .agents/skills/vehicle-dynamics/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "vehicle-dynamics", then confirm the skill loads.Codex copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add benchflow-ai/skillsbench --skill vehicle-dynamics -a cursorProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.cursor/skills/.
$ gh skill install benchflow-ai/skillsbench vehicle-dynamics --agent cursorProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench.git skills-src && mkdir -p .cursor/skills && cp -r skills-src/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics .cursor/skills/vehicle-dynamics && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.cursor/skills/ instead of .cursor/skills for a personal install.
Cursor skills documentation · loads skills from .cursor/skills/, .agents/skills/, .claude/skills/, .codex/skills/
Install the "vehicle-dynamics" agent skill from https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench/tree/main/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics into .cursor/skills/vehicle-dynamics/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "vehicle-dynamics", then confirm the skill loads.Cursor copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gemini skills install https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench.git --path tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics--scope user (default) or --scope workspace; --path is the subfolder of the repo that holds the skill; --consent skips the security confirmation prompt.
$ npx skills add benchflow-ai/skillsbench --skill vehicle-dynamics -a gemini-cliProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.gemini/skills/.
$ gh skill install benchflow-ai/skillsbench vehicle-dynamics --agent gemini-cliProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench.git skills-src && mkdir -p .gemini/skills && cp -r skills-src/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics .gemini/skills/vehicle-dynamics && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.gemini/skills/ instead of .gemini/skills for a personal install, then run /skills reload.
Gemini CLI skills documentation · loads skills from .gemini/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "vehicle-dynamics" agent skill from https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench/tree/main/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics into .gemini/skills/vehicle-dynamics/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "vehicle-dynamics", then confirm the skill loads.Gemini CLI copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gh skill install benchflow-ai/skillsbench vehicle-dynamicsInstalls for Copilot at project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Preview a skill first with gh skill preview. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ npx skills add benchflow-ai/skillsbench --skill vehicle-dynamics -a github-copilotProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.copilot/skills/.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench.git skills-src && mkdir -p .github/skills && cp -r skills-src/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics .github/skills/vehicle-dynamics && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.copilot/skills/ instead of .github/skills for a personal install. Commit .github/skills so cloud agent and code review can use it.
GitHub Copilot skills documentation · loads skills from .github/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "vehicle-dynamics" agent skill from https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench/tree/main/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics into .github/skills/vehicle-dynamics/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "vehicle-dynamics", then confirm the skill loads.GitHub Copilot copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add benchflow-ai/skillsbench --skill vehicle-dynamics -a opencodeOpenCode documents no install command of its own. Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.config/opencode/skills/.
$ gh skill install benchflow-ai/skillsbench vehicle-dynamics --agent opencodeProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench.git skills-src && mkdir -p .opencode/skills && cp -r skills-src/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics .opencode/skills/vehicle-dynamics && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.config/opencode/skills/ instead of .opencode/skills for a personal install.
OpenCode skills documentation · loads skills from .opencode/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "vehicle-dynamics" agent skill from https://github.com/benchflow-ai/skillsbench/tree/main/tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics into .opencode/skills/vehicle-dynamics/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "vehicle-dynamics", then confirm the skill loads.OpenCode copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
Facts
- Skill name
vehicle-dynamics- GitHub stars
- 1.8k
- Token cost
- ~566 tokens
- SKILL.md length
- 57 words
- Files
- 1
- Skills in repo
- 189
- Repo updated
- First seen
- Licence
- Apache-2.0
At a glance
A skill your agent uses when simulating vehicle motion, calculating safe following distances, time-to-collision, speed/position updates, or implementing vehicle state machines for cruise control…
- Simulating vehicle motion
- SKILL.md covers Basic Kinematic Model, Safe Following Distance, Time-to-Collision (TTC) and Acceleration Limits, plus 1 more section
- Instructions only: no scripts, shell commands, URLs or credentials in SKILL.md
- Calculating safe following distances
What it does
Vehicle Dynamics is an agent skill from benchflow-ai/skillsbench. Use this skill when simulating vehicle motion, calculating safe following distances, time-to-collision, speed/position updates, or implementing vehicle state machines for cruise control modes.
Its SKILL.md is about 570 tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. It is a single SKILL.md file with no bundled scripts.
The repository describes itself as: SkillsBench evaluates how well skills work and how effective agents are at using them. The licence is Apache-2.0.
When your agent uses it
- Simulating vehicle motion
- Calculating safe following distances
- Time-to-collision
- Speed/position updates
Example prompts
- “/vehicle-dynamics”
Requirements
- Python 3
What it can do on your machine
Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 9a1f4dd. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.
Tool permissions
Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.
From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.
Runs code
No scripts in the folder and no shell commands in SKILL.md (its code samples are python).
From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.
Network
No URLs in SKILL.md.
From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.
Credentials
Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.
From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.
Context cost
Vehicle Dynamics loads about 566 tokens when it runs. Until then it costs about 52 tokens; SKILL.md has 57 words of instructions outside code blocks.
Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.
Safety
Auto-check passed
The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.
Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); files beside SKILL.md are not scanned.
SKILL.md
The full file from benchflow-ai/skillsbench at commit 9a1f4dd, republished under its Apache-2.0 licence (© benchflow-ai). 57 words, ~566 tokens.
Download SKILL.mdSave it as
.claude/skills/vehicle-dynamics/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder).- name
- vehicle-dynamics
- description
- Use this skill when simulating vehicle motion, calculating safe following distances, time-to-collision, speed/position updates, or implementing vehicle state machines for cruise control modes.
Vehicle Dynamics Simulation
Basic Kinematic Model
For vehicle simulations, use discrete-time kinematic equations.
Speed Update:
new_speed = current_speed + acceleration * dt
new_speed = max(0, new_speed) # Speed cannot be negativePosition Update:
new_position = current_position + speed * dtDistance Between Vehicles:
# When following another vehicle
relative_speed = ego_speed - lead_speed
new_distance = current_distance - relative_speed * dtSafe Following Distance
The time headway model calculates safe following distance:
def safe_following_distance(speed, time_headway, min_distance):
"""
Calculate safe distance based on current speed.
Args:
speed: Current vehicle speed (m/s)
time_headway: Time gap to maintain (seconds)
min_distance: Minimum distance at standstill (meters)
"""
return speed * time_headway + min_distanceTime-to-Collision (TTC)
TTC estimates time until collision at current velocities:
def time_to_collision(distance, ego_speed, lead_speed):
"""
Calculate time to collision.
Returns None if not approaching (ego slower than lead).
"""
relative_speed = ego_speed - lead_speed
if relative_speed <= 0:
return None # Not approaching
return distance / relative_speedAcceleration Limits
Real vehicles have physical constraints:
def clamp_acceleration(accel, max_accel, max_decel):
"""Constrain acceleration to physical limits."""
return max(max_decel, min(accel, max_accel))State Machine Pattern
Vehicle control often uses mode-based logic:
def determine_mode(lead_present, ttc, ttc_threshold):
"""
Determine operating mode based on conditions.
Returns one of: 'cruise', 'follow', 'emergency'
"""
if not lead_present:
return 'cruise'
if ttc is not None and ttc < ttc_threshold:
return 'emergency'
return 'follow'© benchflow-ai, Apache-2.0. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file
Files
Just SKILL.md in tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics of benchflow-ai/skillsbench.
Open the folder on GitHubat commit 9a1f4dd
Compare with similar skills
Vehicle Dynamics next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.
| Skill | Stars | Used in | Tokens | Auto-check | Licence | Repo updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vehicle Dynamics this skillbenchflow-ai/skillsbench | 1.8k | — | ~566 | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| Emilkowalski Motionnexu-io/open-design | 100k | — | ~644 | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| HyperFrames Motion Doctrineheygen-com/hyperframes | 59k | 1 repos | ~3k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| Motion Foundationsaffaan-m/ECC | 276k | 1 repos | ~2.4k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Motion Patternsaffaan-m/ECC | 276k | 1 repos | ~3.3k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| HyperFrames Motion Graphicsheygen-com/hyperframes | 59k | 3 repos | ~4k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 |
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Motion Foundations
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Motion tokens, spring presets, performance rules, device adaptation, accessibility enforcement, and SSR safety for React / Next.js using motion/react.
Motion Patterns
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Production-ready animation patterns for React / Next.js — button, modal, toast, stagger, page transitions, exit animations, scroll, and layout — built on motion-foundations tokens and springs.
HyperFrames Motion Graphics
heygen-com/hyperframes
Builds short, unnarrated motion graphics such as kinetic type, stat count-ups, logo stings, lower thirds, animated maps and tweets, rendered to MP4 or a transparent overlay.
Motion Advanced
affaan-m/ECC
Advanced motion patterns for React / Next.js — drag & drop, gestures, text animations, SVG path drawing, custom hooks, imperative sequences (useAnimate), loaders, and the full API decision tree.
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Questions about Vehicle Dynamics
What does Vehicle Dynamics do?
A skill your agent uses when simulating vehicle motion, calculating safe following distances, time-to-collision, speed/position updates, or implementing vehicle state machines for cruise control…. Vehicle Dynamics is an agent skill from benchflow-ai/skillsbench. Use this skill when simulating vehicle motion, calculating safe following distances, time-to-collision, speed/position updates, or implementing vehicle state machines for cruise control modes.
When should I use Vehicle Dynamics?
Vehicle Dynamics fits situations like: simulating vehicle motion; calculating safe following distances; time-to-collision; speed/position updates.
How do I install Vehicle Dynamics in Claude Code?
Run `npx skills add benchflow-ai/skillsbench --skill vehicle-dynamics -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics in benchflow-ai/skillsbench) into .claude/skills/vehicle-dynamics in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.
How do I install Vehicle Dynamics in Codex?
Run `npx skills add benchflow-ai/skillsbench --skill vehicle-dynamics -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (tasks/adaptive-cruise-control/environment/skills/vehicle-dynamics in benchflow-ai/skillsbench) into .agents/skills/vehicle-dynamics in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.
Can I use Vehicle Dynamics in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?
Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add benchflow-ai/skillsbench --skill vehicle-dynamics -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/vehicle-dynamics, .gemini/skills/vehicle-dynamics, .github/skills/vehicle-dynamics and .opencode/skills/vehicle-dynamics in your project.
What does Vehicle Dynamics need to run?
SKILL.md names no scripts, command-line tools or credentials: Vehicle Dynamics is instructions for the agent only. Our summary lists: Python 3.
Does Vehicle Dynamics access the network?
SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.
Is Vehicle Dynamics safe to install?
Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. Review the folder before installing.
What licence does Vehicle Dynamics use?
Vehicle Dynamics is published under the Apache-2.0 licence (the repository's licence). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.
How many tokens does Vehicle Dynamics use?
About 566 tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 2.3k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full.
What are the alternatives to Vehicle Dynamics?
Skills that share tags, products or a category with Vehicle Dynamics: Emilkowalski Motion (nexu-io/open-design, 100k stars), HyperFrames Motion Doctrine (heygen-com/hyperframes, 59k stars), Motion Foundations (affaan-m/ECC, 276k stars) and Motion Patterns (affaan-m/ECC, 276k stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.
Who maintains Vehicle Dynamics?
benchflow-ai (a GitHub organization) maintains it in benchflow-ai/skillsbench, which has 1,834 GitHub stars. The repository holds 189 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on July 23, 2026.
Source: benchflow-ai/skillsbench on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.