Agent skill

Data Localization

by mukul975 in mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills

Guides compliance with country-specific data localization requirements across key jurisdictions including Russia (242-FZ), China (PIPL Art.

Apache-2.0Auto-check passedFrontend & Design

Install Data Localization

skills CLI
$ npx skills add mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills --skill data-localization -a claude-code

Project install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.

GitHub CLI
$ gh skill install mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills data-localization --agent claude-code

Project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).

Manual copy
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/skills/privacy/data-localization .claude/skills/data-localization && rm -rf skills-src

Use ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.

Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/

Facts

Skill name
data-localization
GitHub stars
295
Token cost
~3.1k tokens
SKILL.md length
1,389 words
Files
5 (incl. scripts, references, assets)
Skills in repo
278
Repo updated
First seen
Licence
Apache-2.0

At a glance

Guides compliance with country-specific data localization requirements across key jurisdictions including Russia (242-FZ), China (PIPL Art.

  • Tasks that involve Internationalization
  • SKILL.md covers Overview, Country-Specific Requirements, Localization Architecture Design and Localization Compliance…
  • Runs Python scripts from its folder
  • Tasks that involve Privacy and GDPR

What it does

Data Localization is an agent skill from mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills. Guides compliance with country-specific data localization requirements across key jurisdictions including Russia (242-FZ), China (PIPL Art. 40, CAC measures), India (DPDP Act), Turkey, Vietnam, and Indonesia. Covers localization assessment, architecture design, and exemption procedures. Keywords: data localization, data residency, PIPL, 242-FZ, cross-border restrictions.

Its SKILL.md is about 3.1k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. The skill folder holds 7 other files, including scripts, reference files and assets (for example `assets/template.md`, `references/standards.md` and `references/workflows.md`).

It sits in Frontend & Design, covering Internationalization and Privacy and GDPR. The repository describes itself as: 282+ structured privacy & data protection skills for AI agents. GDPR, CCPA, EU AI Act, HIPAA, LGPD, PIPL, DPDP Act. The licence is Apache-2.0.

When your agent uses it

  • Tasks that involve Internationalization
  • Tasks that involve Privacy and GDPR

Example prompts

  • “Use the data-localization skill to guide compliance with country-specific data localization requirements across key jurisdictions including Russia…”
  • “/data-localization”

Requirements

  • Python 3

What it can do on your machine

Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 9b2ef9e. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.

  • Tool permissions

    Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.

    From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.

  • Runs code

    Ships 1 file in scripts/ (Python), which the agent can run.

    From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.

  • Network

    No URLs in SKILL.md.

    From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.

  • Credentials

    Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.

    From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.

Context cost

Data Localization loads about 3.1k tokens when it runs, and up to ~4.5k if it reads all its reference files. Until then it costs about 98 tokens; SKILL.md has 1,389 words of instructions outside code blocks.

Always · name and description, kept in context so the agent knows when to use it
~98
When it runs · the whole SKILL.md, loaded when a task matches
~3.1k
With references · SKILL.md plus every file in references/, read only if the agent opens them
~4.5k

Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.

Safety

Auto-check passed

The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.

Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); the scripts in this folder are not scanned.

SKILL.md

The full file from mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills at commit 9b2ef9e, republished under its Apache-2.0 licence (© mukul975). 1,389 words, ~3,115 tokens.

Download SKILL.mdSave it as .claude/skills/data-localization/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder). This skill also uses 4 other files; get the full folder from GitHub.
name
data-localization
description
Guides compliance with country-specific data localization requirements across key jurisdictions including Russia (242-FZ), China (PIPL Art. 40, CAC measures), India (DPDP Act), Turkey, Vietnam, and Indonesia. Covers localization assessment, architecture design, and exemption procedures. Keywords: data localization, data residency, PIPL, 242-FZ, cross-border restrictions.
license
Apache-2.0
metadata.author
mukul975
metadata.version
1.0
metadata.domain
privacy
metadata.subdomain
cross-border-transfers
metadata.tags
data-localization, data-residency, pipl, russia-242fz, cross-border-restrictions

Implementing Data Localization Requirements

Overview

Data localization laws require that personal data of a country's residents be stored, processed, or both within the territory of that country. These requirements exist independently of and in addition to transfer mechanism requirements under the GDPR. Organisations operating globally must map their data localization obligations by jurisdiction, design infrastructure architectures that comply with local storage mandates, and implement exemption procedures where cross-border transfer is permitted subject to conditions.

Country-Specific Requirements

Russia — Federal Law No. 242-FZ (Amendments to Federal Law No. 152-FZ)

Effective: 1 September 2015

Key requirements:

  • Art. 18(5) of Federal Law 152-FZ (as amended by 242-FZ): When collecting personal data, including via the internet, the data operator must ensure that recording, systematisation, accumulation, storage, modification, extraction, and retrieval of personal data of citizens of the Russian Federation are carried out using databases located in the territory of the Russian Federation.
  • The law applies to any organisation collecting personal data of Russian citizens, regardless of the organisation's location.
  • Cross-border transfer is permitted after initial localization — the primary database must be in Russia, but copies may be transferred abroad subject to Federal Law 152-FZ cross-border transfer rules.

Enforcement:

  • Roskomnadzor (Federal Service for Supervision of Communications) is the enforcement authority.
  • Non-compliance can result in website blocking within Russia, fines (up to RUB 18 million for repeated violations under 2023 amendments), and criminal liability for certain violations.
  • LinkedIn was blocked in Russia in 2016 for non-compliance with 242-FZ.

Athena Global Logistics implementation:

  • Primary HR database for Russian employees hosted on servers in Moscow (OVHcloud Russia data centre, Bolshaya Nikitskaya 22).
  • Customer data from Russian-origin shipments stored primarily in Moscow before replication to the Frankfurt analytics platform.
  • Cross-border transfers from Moscow to Frankfurt covered by Russia's cross-border transfer rules (adequate countries list per Roskomnadzor Order No. 274 or consent of the data subject).
China — PIPL Art. 40 and CAC Measures

Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL) — Effective 1 November 2021

Key requirements:

  • Art. 40: Critical Information Infrastructure Operators (CIIOs) and personal information processors handling personal information reaching the volume threshold specified by the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) must store personal information collected and generated within the territory of China domestically. Cross-border transfers require a CAC-administered security assessment.
  • CAC Measures on Security Assessment of Outbound Data Transfers (effective 1 September 2022):
    • Security assessment mandatory for: (a) CIIOs; (b) processors handling personal information of over 1 million individuals; (c) processors that have cumulatively transferred personal information of over 100,000 individuals or sensitive personal information of over 10,000 individuals since 1 January of the preceding year.
    • Assessment conducted by the provincial-level CAC and reviewed by the national CAC.
    • Assessment valid for 2 years; must be re-conducted before expiry or upon material change.
  • CAC Standard Contract Measures (effective 1 June 2023): Personal information processors not subject to the mandatory security assessment may use the CAC-published Standard Contract for cross-border transfers, filed with the provincial CAC within 10 working days of execution.
  • PRC Data Security Law (DSL) Art. 31: Important data collected and generated by CIIOs must be stored domestically.

Athena Global Logistics implementation:

  • China operations process personal information of approximately 15,000 individuals (below the 1 million threshold for mandatory security assessment).
  • Localization: Chinese customer and employee data stored on Alibaba Cloud servers in the Shanghai region.
  • Cross-border transfers: Athena uses the CAC Standard Contract filed with the Shanghai CAC for transfers of logistics data to the Frankfurt headquarters.
  • Personal Information Impact Assessment (PIIA) completed before cross-border transfer per PIPL Art. 55.
India — Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023 (DPDP Act)

Effective: Provisions being brought into force in phases from 2024.

Key requirements:

  • Section 16(1): The Central Government may, by notification, restrict the transfer of personal data by a significant data fiduciary to any country or territory outside India.
  • Section 16(2): The Central Government may prescribe conditions for cross-border transfer to specific countries.
  • Blacklist approach: India adopts a "blacklist" model — transfers are permitted to all countries except those specifically restricted by government notification. As of March 2026, no blacklist notifications have been issued.
  • Significant Data Fiduciary (SDF): Designation by the Central Government based on volume of data, sensitivity, risk to data principals, and other factors. SDFs face heightened obligations including mandatory DPO appointment and data protection audit.
  • RBI data localization: The Reserve Bank of India mandates that payment system data be stored exclusively in India (RBI Circular DPSS.CO.OD.No.2785, April 2018). This applies to all payment data processed by payment system operators.

Athena Global Logistics implementation:

  • Indian operations data stored on AWS Mumbai region (ap-south-1).
  • Cross-border transfers permitted (no blacklist notification as of March 2026) but monitored for future restrictions.
  • RBI payment localization: Indian payment transaction data processed through local payment gateways with primary storage in India.
Show full SKILL.md (606 more words)Show less
Turkey — Law No. 6698 on the Protection of Personal Data (KVKK)

Key requirements:

  • Art. 9: Personal data may be transferred abroad only with the explicit consent of the data subject, or if one of the conditions in Art. 5(2) or Art. 6(3) is met and: (a) the destination country provides adequate protection (per KVKK Board list); or (b) the data controllers in Turkey and the destination country provide a written undertaking of adequate protection and the KVKK Board grants permission.
  • Data Localization: No explicit data localization mandate in KVKK, but the Board Regulation on Data Transfer Abroad (2024 amendment) introduced a notification-based system requiring data controllers to apply to the Board before transferring data to countries not on the adequate list.
  • Practical localization: Many organisations maintain Turkish data in Turkey due to the complexity of the Board approval process for cross-border transfers.
Vietnam — Decree 13/2023/ND-CP on Personal Data Protection

Effective: 1 July 2023

Key requirements:

  • Art. 25(4): Data controllers and processors transferring personal data abroad must prepare and maintain a transfer impact assessment dossier.
  • Art. 26: The transfer impact assessment dossier must be submitted to the Ministry of Public Security within 60 days of processing.
  • No strict localization: Vietnam does not mandate data localization for most personal data, but the Cybersecurity Law (2018) Art. 26(3) requires storage of certain data in Vietnam for companies providing services on telecommunications networks or the internet where the data relates to national security, social order, or cybersecurity.
Indonesia — Government Regulation No. 71/2019 (GR 71)

Key requirements:

  • Art. 20: Public electronic system operators must place their electronic systems and data in Indonesia for the purpose of supervision, law enforcement, data access protection, and national security.
  • Art. 21: Private electronic system operators may place their systems and data outside Indonesia, provided they grant access for supervision and law enforcement.
  • Practical impact: Government and public sector data must be stored in Indonesia; private sector data may be stored abroad with access provisions.

Localization Architecture Design

Pattern 1: Primary Local Storage with Replication
┌───────────────────┐     Replication     ┌──────────────────┐
│ Local Data Centre  │ ─────────────────→  │ Central EU DC    │
│ (Country Required) │    (encrypted,      │ (Frankfurt)      │
│ Primary database   │     compliant       │ Analytics,       │
│ All CRUD operations│     transfer)       │ Reporting        │
└───────────────────┘                      └──────────────────┘

Use case: Russia (242-FZ), China (PIPL Art. 40 for CIIOs) Implementation: All create, read, update, delete operations occur on the local database. Encrypted replication to central EU systems for analytics and group reporting, subject to local cross-border transfer rules.

Pattern 2: Local Processing with Central Analytics
┌───────────────────┐     Aggregated/     ┌──────────────────┐
│ Local Instance     │     Anonymised     │ Central EU DC    │
│ Full processing    │ ─────────────────→ │ Only aggregated  │
│ in-country         │                    │ or anonymised    │
└───────────────────┘                     │ data received    │
                                          └──────────────────┘

Use case: Strict localization without cross-border transfer approval (pre-CAC filing in China) Implementation: All personal data processing occurs locally; only aggregated or anonymised data (not personal data) is transferred centrally.

Pattern 3: Hybrid Cloud with Data Residency Controls
┌───────────────────┐
│ Cloud Provider     │
│ Local Region       │ ← Data residency policy enforced
│ (e.g., AWS Mumbai) │   via cloud service configuration
│ Personal data      │
│ stored here only   │
└───────────────────┘
     │
     │ (API access from EU for administration; no data egress)
     │
┌───────────────────┐
│ Central EU DC      │
│ Application logic  │
│ No local PD stored │
└───────────────────┘

Use case: India (DPDP Act), Indonesia (GR 71 private sector) Implementation: Cloud provider's local region stores personal data; application logic may run centrally but personal data does not leave the local region.

Localization Compliance Checklist

JurisdictionStorage RequirementTransfer ConditionsFiling/ApprovalEnforcement Authority
RussiaPrimary DB in RussiaPermitted after localization; subject to 152-FZ transfer rulesNo filing required for localizationRoskomnadzor
China (CIIO/threshold)Domestic storageCAC security assessment or Standard ContractSecurity assessment filed with CAC; Standard Contract filed within 10 daysCAC
IndiaNo localization (yet)Permitted except to blacklisted countriesNo filing (monitor for future requirements)Data Protection Board of India
India (RBI)Payment data in IndiaNot permitted for payment dataRBI compliance reportingReserve Bank of India
TurkeyNo explicit localizationBoard approval or adequate country listBoard application for non-adequate countriesKVKK Board
VietnamCertain data in VietnamImpact assessment requiredDossier to Ministry of Public Security within 60 daysMinistry of Public Security
Indonesia (public)In IndonesiaLimited exceptionsNo specific filingMinistry of Communication
Indonesia (private)May be abroadAccess for supervision requiredNo specific filingMinistry of Communication

© mukul975, Apache-2.0. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file

Files

SKILL.md and 4 other files (scripts, references, assets) in skills/privacy/data-localization of mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills.

  • SKILL.md
  • assets/template.md
  • references/standards.md
  • references/workflows.md
  • scripts/process.py

Open the folder on GitHubat commit 9b2ef9e

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Data Localization next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.

Data Localization compared with similar skills
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Intl Expansionborghei/Claude-Skills874—~5.2kAutomated safety check: PassMIT
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Questions about Data Localization

What does Data Localization do?

Guides compliance with country-specific data localization requirements across key jurisdictions including Russia (242-FZ), China (PIPL Art. Data Localization is an agent skill from mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills. Guides compliance with country-specific data localization requirements across key jurisdictions including Russia (242-FZ), China (PIPL Art.

When should I use Data Localization?

Data Localization fits situations like: tasks that involve Internationalization; tasks that involve Privacy and GDPR.

How do I install Data Localization in Claude Code?

Run `npx skills add mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills --skill data-localization -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (skills/privacy/data-localization in mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills) into .claude/skills/data-localization in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.

How do I install Data Localization in Codex?

Run `npx skills add mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills --skill data-localization -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (skills/privacy/data-localization in mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills) into .agents/skills/data-localization in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.

Can I use Data Localization in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?

Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills --skill data-localization -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/data-localization, .gemini/skills/data-localization, .github/skills/data-localization and .opencode/skills/data-localization in your project.

What does Data Localization need to run?

Going by SKILL.md and its folder, Data Localization needs Python for the scripts in its folder. Our summary lists: Python 3.

Does Data Localization access the network?

SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.

Is Data Localization safe to install?

Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. The check reads SKILL.md only: the scripts in the folder are not scanned, so read them before running anything.

What licence does Data Localization use?

Data Localization is published under the Apache-2.0 licence (declared in SKILL.md). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.

How many tokens does Data Localization use?

About 3.1k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 12k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full. Its references folder adds about 1.4k tokens, read only when the agent opens those files.

What are the alternatives to Data Localization?

Skills that share tags, products or a category with Data Localization: Privacy Policy Generator Localization (nisrulz/app-privacy-policy-generator, 4.7k stars), Uae Grc (Sushegaad/Claude-Skills-Governance-Risk-and-Compliance, 939 stars), Msp Website Setup (RTFM-IT-Services-LLC/msp-claude-skills, 112 stars) and Intl Expansion (borghei/Claude-Skills, 874 stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.

Who maintains Data Localization?

mukul975 (a GitHub user) maintains it in mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills, which has 295 GitHub stars. The repository holds 278 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on March 16, 2026.

Source: mukul975/Privacy-Data-Protection-Skills on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.