Intl Expansion
borghei/Claude-Skills
International market expansion strategy for scaling companies.
Apply the Born Global framework to analyze firms that internationalize rapidly from inception under resource constraints.
Install Grad Born Global
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill grad-born-global -a claude-codeProject install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills grad-born-global --agent claude-codeProject scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/grad-born-global .claude/skills/grad-born-global && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.
Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/
Install the "grad-born-global" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/grad-born-global into .claude/skills/grad-born-global/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "grad-born-global", then confirm the skill loads.Claude Code copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$skill-installer install https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/grad-born-globalType this inside Codex. $skill-installer <name> installs a curated skill from openai/skills. The installer writes to $CODEX_HOME/skills (default ~/.codex/skills). Restart Codex if the skill does not show up.
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill grad-born-global -a codexProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.codex/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills grad-born-global --agent codexProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .agents/skills && cp -r skills-src/grad-born-global .agents/skills/grad-born-global && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.agents/skills/ instead of .agents/skills for a personal install.
Codex skills documentation · loads skills from .agents/skills/
Install the "grad-born-global" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/grad-born-global into .agents/skills/grad-born-global/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "grad-born-global", then confirm the skill loads.Codex copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill grad-born-global -a cursorProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.cursor/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills grad-born-global --agent cursorProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .cursor/skills && cp -r skills-src/grad-born-global .cursor/skills/grad-born-global && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.cursor/skills/ instead of .cursor/skills for a personal install.
Cursor skills documentation · loads skills from .cursor/skills/, .agents/skills/, .claude/skills/, .codex/skills/
Install the "grad-born-global" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/grad-born-global into .cursor/skills/grad-born-global/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "grad-born-global", then confirm the skill loads.Cursor copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gemini skills install https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git --path grad-born-global--scope user (default) or --scope workspace; --path is the subfolder of the repo that holds the skill; --consent skips the security confirmation prompt.
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill grad-born-global -a gemini-cliProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.gemini/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills grad-born-global --agent gemini-cliProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .gemini/skills && cp -r skills-src/grad-born-global .gemini/skills/grad-born-global && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.gemini/skills/ instead of .gemini/skills for a personal install, then run /skills reload.
Gemini CLI skills documentation · loads skills from .gemini/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "grad-born-global" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/grad-born-global into .gemini/skills/grad-born-global/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "grad-born-global", then confirm the skill loads.Gemini CLI copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills grad-born-globalInstalls for Copilot at project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Preview a skill first with gh skill preview. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill grad-born-global -a github-copilotProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.copilot/skills/.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .github/skills && cp -r skills-src/grad-born-global .github/skills/grad-born-global && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.copilot/skills/ instead of .github/skills for a personal install. Commit .github/skills so cloud agent and code review can use it.
GitHub Copilot skills documentation · loads skills from .github/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "grad-born-global" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/grad-born-global into .github/skills/grad-born-global/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "grad-born-global", then confirm the skill loads.GitHub Copilot copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill grad-born-global -a opencodeOpenCode documents no install command of its own. Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.config/opencode/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills grad-born-global --agent opencodeProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .opencode/skills && cp -r skills-src/grad-born-global .opencode/skills/grad-born-global && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.config/opencode/skills/ instead of .opencode/skills for a personal install.
OpenCode skills documentation · loads skills from .opencode/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "grad-born-global" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/grad-born-global into .opencode/skills/grad-born-global/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "grad-born-global", then confirm the skill loads.OpenCode copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
Facts
- Skill name
grad-born-global- GitHub stars
- 242
- Token cost
- ~1.5k tokens
- SKILL.md length
- 572 words
- Files
- 4 (incl. references)
- Skills in repo
- 207
- Repo updated
- First seen
- Licence
- MIT
At a glance
Apply the Born Global framework to analyze firms that internationalize rapidly from inception under resource constraints.
- Works in 4 steps: Assess Born Global Eligibility → Identify Key Networks and Relationships → Select Target Markets → …
- The user needs to evaluate whether a startup
- SKILL.md covers Overview, When to Use, Assumptions and Methodology, plus 3 more sections
- Instructions only: no scripts, shell commands, URLs or credentials in SKILL.md
What it does
Grad Born Global is an agent skill from asgard-ai-platform/skills. Apply the Born Global framework to analyze firms that internationalize rapidly from inception under resource constraints. Use this skill when the user needs to evaluate whether a startup or SME can pursue early internationalization, identify the capabilities enabling born globals, or design a resource-constrained international market entry strategy.
Its SKILL.md is about 1.5k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. The skill folder holds 5 other files, including reference files (for example `examples/sample_scenario.md`, `references/born-global-criteria.md` and `references/inv-framework.md`).
It sits in Frontend & Design, covering Internationalization and Go-to-market strategy. The repository describes itself as: 301 open-source coding agent skills across 22 domains — methodology, judgment & gotchas packaged as Claude Agent Skills for the Asgard AI Platform. The licence is MIT.
When your agent uses it
- The user needs to evaluate whether a startup
- SME can pursue early internationalization
- Identify the capabilities enabling born globals
- Design a resource-constrained international market entry strategy
Example prompts
- “/grad-born-global”
Workflow steps
4 steps, taken from the step headings in SKILL.md.
What it can do on your machine
Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 4e7f4f8. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.
Tool permissions
Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.
From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.
Runs code
No scripts in the folder and no shell commands in SKILL.md (its code samples are markdown).
From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.
Network
No URLs in SKILL.md.
From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.
Credentials
Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.
From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.
Context cost
Grad Born Global loads about 1.5k tokens when it runs, and up to ~7.4k if it reads all its reference files. Until then it costs about 92 tokens; SKILL.md has 572 words of instructions outside code blocks.
Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.
Safety
Auto-check passed
The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.
Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); files beside SKILL.md are not scanned.
SKILL.md
The full file from asgard-ai-platform/skills at commit 4e7f4f8, republished under its MIT licence (© asgard-ai-platform). 572 words, ~1,524 tokens.
Download SKILL.mdSave it as
.claude/skills/grad-born-global/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder). This skill also uses 3 other files; get the full folder from GitHub.- name
- grad-born-global
- description
- Apply the Born Global framework to analyze firms that internationalize rapidly from inception under resource constraints. Use this skill when the user needs to evaluate whether a startup or SME can pursue early internationalization, identify the capabilities enabling born globals, or design a resource-constrained international market entry strategy.
- metadata.category
- WP-24 創新與國際化
- metadata.tags
- born-global, international-new-ventures, rapid-internationalization, knowledge-intensive, niche-markets, INV
Born Global: Resource-Constrained Rapid Internationalization
Overview
Born globals are firms that internationalize at or near founding, achieving significant foreign sales (typically 25%+ of revenue) within 3 years of inception. They challenge the Uppsala model's assumption of gradual, stage-based internationalization. Born globals succeed not through scale or accumulated experience, but through knowledge intensity, network relationships, and focus on global niche markets. They are most common in knowledge-intensive, technology-driven industries.
When to Use
Trigger conditions:
- User is evaluating whether a startup should target international markets from day one
- User asks how small firms internationalize without the resources of MNCs
- User needs to assess whether a firm fits the born global profile
- User mentions "born global", "international new venture", "early internationalization", or "global startup"
When NOT to use:
- For established firms expanding gradually -> use grad-uppsala
- For FDI mode choice for large multinationals -> use grad-oli
- For industry-level competitive advantage -> use grad-diamond
Assumptions
IRON LAW: Born Globals Succeed Through Knowledge Intensity
and Network Relationships, NOT Scale
A born global cannot out-resource an MNC. Its advantages are:
1. Unique knowledge or technology (hard to imitate)
2. Network relationships that provide market access and legitimacy
3. Niche focus that large firms find unattractive
If the firm lacks ALL THREE, early internationalization is premature
and will likely fail. Scale-dependent businesses cannot be born global.- The founder's international experience and network are critical enablers
- Niche markets are too small for MNCs to pursue aggressively
- Digital infrastructure lowers the cost of international coordination
- Born globals are resource-constrained and must be highly selective in market choice
Methodology
Step 1: Assess Born Global Eligibility
Evaluate whether the firm meets born global preconditions:
| Factor | Required for Born Global | Assessment |
|---|---|---|
| Knowledge intensity | High — proprietary technology, IP, or expertise | Yes / No |
| Founder international experience | Prior work/study abroad, multilingual, global network | Yes / No |
| Niche market orientation | Product serves a global niche too small for MNCs | Yes / No |
| Digital/scalable delivery | Product can be delivered internationally at low marginal cost | Yes / No |
| Home market limitation | Domestic market too small to sustain the business | Yes / No |
If fewer than 3 factors are present, the gradual Uppsala path may be more appropriate.
Step 2: Identify Key Networks and Relationships
Born globals rely on networks to overcome resource constraints: personal (founder contacts), industry (trade associations), institutional (government programs, accelerators), and customer (referral chains). Map which relationships provide market access, credibility, or knowledge.
Show full SKILL.md (249 more words)Show less
Step 3: Select Target Markets
Born globals cannot enter all markets. Prioritize based on:
- Lead market: Where the most demanding, innovative customers are (not necessarily the largest market)
- Network accessibility: Markets where existing relationships provide entry
- Niche density: Markets with the highest concentration of target customers
- Institutional support: Markets where trade agreements or incentives reduce barriers
Step 4: Design Resource-Light Entry Mode
Born globals typically use low-commitment, high-reach modes:
- Direct online sales (digital products)
- Strategic partnerships and distribution agreements
- Licensing in markets where local presence is needed
- Piggybacking on larger firms' distribution channels
- Avoid wholly-owned subsidiaries in early stages (too resource-intensive)
Output Format
# Born Global Assessment: {Firm}
## Eligibility Check
| Factor | Present? | Evidence |
|--------|----------|----------|
| Knowledge intensity / Founder intl exp / Niche / Digital delivery / Home market limit | Yes/No | {details} |
## Verdict: Born Global Viable / Not Viable
## Network Map
- {Network type}: {key relationships and what they provide}
## Target Markets (prioritized)
1. {Market}: {rationale} | Entry mode: {mode} | Timeline: {milestones}Gotchas
- Born global does not mean born everywhere: Even born globals must be selective. Targeting too many markets simultaneously with limited resources leads to failure. Prioritize ruthlessly.
- Knowledge intensity decays: If the technology can be easily imitated, the born global window closes quickly. Speed of internationalization must match speed of imitation.
- Founder dependency is a risk: If internationalization depends entirely on the founder's personal network, the firm is fragile. Institutionalize relationships early.
- Not all tech startups are born globals: A SaaS product with strong local network effects (e.g., a local marketplace) may need to dominate domestically first.
- Born global and Uppsala are not mutually exclusive: A firm may be born global initially (rapid entry into select markets) and then follow Uppsala dynamics for deeper commitment.
References
- For born global empirical criteria and thresholds, see
references/born-global-criteria.md - For comparison with International New Ventures (Oviatt & McDougall, 1994), see
references/inv-framework.md
© asgard-ai-platform, MIT. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file
Files
SKILL.md and 3 other files (references) in grad-born-global of asgard-ai-platform/skills.
- SKILL.md
- examples/sample_scenario.md
- references/born-global-criteria.md
- references/inv-framework.md
Open the folder on GitHubat commit 4e7f4f8
Compare with similar skills
Grad Born Global next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.
| Skill | Stars | Used in | Tokens | Auto-check | Licence | Repo updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grad Born Global this skillasgard-ai-platform/skills | 242 | — | ~1.5k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Intl Expansionborghei/Claude-Skills | 891 | — | ~5.2k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Chuhai Market Entrymohitagw15856/pm-claude-skills | 1.4k | — | ~1.2k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Arabic Copy Localizergrowthack88/growth-marketing-os | 116 | — | ~1k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Intl Expansionalirezarezvani/claude-skills | 28k | 1 repos | ~1.1k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Impeccablebestofjs/bestofjs | 3.1k | 26 repos | ~2.6k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT |
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Related
Categories
Questions about Grad Born Global
What does Grad Born Global do?
Apply the Born Global framework to analyze firms that internationalize rapidly from inception under resource constraints. Grad Born Global is an agent skill from asgard-ai-platform/skills. Apply the Born Global framework to analyze firms that internationalize rapidly from inception under resource constraints.
When should I use Grad Born Global?
Grad Born Global fits situations like: the user needs to evaluate whether a startup; SME can pursue early internationalization; identify the capabilities enabling born globals; design a resource-constrained international market entry strategy.
How do I install Grad Born Global in Claude Code?
Run `npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill grad-born-global -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (grad-born-global in asgard-ai-platform/skills) into .claude/skills/grad-born-global in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.
How do I install Grad Born Global in Codex?
Run `npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill grad-born-global -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (grad-born-global in asgard-ai-platform/skills) into .agents/skills/grad-born-global in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.
Can I use Grad Born Global in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?
Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill grad-born-global -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/grad-born-global, .gemini/skills/grad-born-global, .github/skills/grad-born-global and .opencode/skills/grad-born-global in your project.
What does Grad Born Global need to run?
SKILL.md names no scripts, command-line tools or credentials: Grad Born Global is instructions for the agent only.
Does Grad Born Global access the network?
SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.
Is Grad Born Global safe to install?
Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. Review the folder before installing.
What licence does Grad Born Global use?
Grad Born Global is published under the MIT licence (the repository's licence). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.
How many tokens does Grad Born Global use?
About 1.5k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 6.1k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full. Its references folder adds about 5.9k tokens, read only when the agent opens those files.
What are the alternatives to Grad Born Global?
Skills that share tags, products or a category with Grad Born Global: Intl Expansion (borghei/Claude-Skills, 891 stars), Chuhai Market Entry (mohitagw15856/pm-claude-skills, 1.4k stars), Arabic Copy Localizer (growthack88/growth-marketing-os, 116 stars) and Intl Expansion (alirezarezvani/claude-skills, 28k stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.
Who maintains Grad Born Global?
asgard-ai-platform (a GitHub organization) maintains it in asgard-ai-platform/skills, which has 242 GitHub stars. The repository holds 207 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on June 6, 2026.
Source: asgard-ai-platform/skills on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.