Hypothesis Generation
spacering-net/codeg
Structured hypothesis formulation from observations. An agent skill from spacering-net/codeg.
Acknowledges limitations in sample, design, measurement, and validation in a professional way that improves credibility without undermining the whole paper.
Install Limitation And Risk Writer
$ npx skills add aipoch/medical-research-skills --skill limitation-and-risk-writer -a claude-codeProject install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.
$ gh skill install aipoch/medical-research-skills limitation-and-risk-writer --agent claude-codeProject scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/'awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer' .claude/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.
Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/
Install the "limitation-and-risk-writer" agent skill from https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills/tree/main/awesome-med-research-skills/Academic%20Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer into .claude/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "limitation-and-risk-writer", then confirm the skill loads.Claude Code copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$skill-installer install https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills/tree/main/awesome-med-research-skills/Academic%20Writing/limitation-and-risk-writerType this inside Codex. $skill-installer <name> installs a curated skill from openai/skills. The installer writes to $CODEX_HOME/skills (default ~/.codex/skills). Restart Codex if the skill does not show up.
$ npx skills add aipoch/medical-research-skills --skill limitation-and-risk-writer -a codexProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.codex/skills/.
$ gh skill install aipoch/medical-research-skills limitation-and-risk-writer --agent codexProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .agents/skills && cp -r skills-src/'awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer' .agents/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.agents/skills/ instead of .agents/skills for a personal install.
Codex skills documentation · loads skills from .agents/skills/
Install the "limitation-and-risk-writer" agent skill from https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills/tree/main/awesome-med-research-skills/Academic%20Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer into .agents/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "limitation-and-risk-writer", then confirm the skill loads.Codex copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add aipoch/medical-research-skills --skill limitation-and-risk-writer -a cursorProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.cursor/skills/.
$ gh skill install aipoch/medical-research-skills limitation-and-risk-writer --agent cursorProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .cursor/skills && cp -r skills-src/'awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer' .cursor/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.cursor/skills/ instead of .cursor/skills for a personal install.
Cursor skills documentation · loads skills from .cursor/skills/, .agents/skills/, .claude/skills/, .codex/skills/
Install the "limitation-and-risk-writer" agent skill from https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills/tree/main/awesome-med-research-skills/Academic%20Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer into .cursor/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "limitation-and-risk-writer", then confirm the skill loads.Cursor copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gemini skills install https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills.git --path 'awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer'--scope user (default) or --scope workspace; --path is the subfolder of the repo that holds the skill; --consent skips the security confirmation prompt.
$ npx skills add aipoch/medical-research-skills --skill limitation-and-risk-writer -a gemini-cliProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.gemini/skills/.
$ gh skill install aipoch/medical-research-skills limitation-and-risk-writer --agent gemini-cliProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .gemini/skills && cp -r skills-src/'awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer' .gemini/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.gemini/skills/ instead of .gemini/skills for a personal install, then run /skills reload.
Gemini CLI skills documentation · loads skills from .gemini/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "limitation-and-risk-writer" agent skill from https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills/tree/main/awesome-med-research-skills/Academic%20Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer into .gemini/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "limitation-and-risk-writer", then confirm the skill loads.Gemini CLI copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gh skill install aipoch/medical-research-skills limitation-and-risk-writerInstalls for Copilot at project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Preview a skill first with gh skill preview. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ npx skills add aipoch/medical-research-skills --skill limitation-and-risk-writer -a github-copilotProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.copilot/skills/.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .github/skills && cp -r skills-src/'awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer' .github/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.copilot/skills/ instead of .github/skills for a personal install. Commit .github/skills so cloud agent and code review can use it.
GitHub Copilot skills documentation · loads skills from .github/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "limitation-and-risk-writer" agent skill from https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills/tree/main/awesome-med-research-skills/Academic%20Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer into .github/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "limitation-and-risk-writer", then confirm the skill loads.GitHub Copilot copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add aipoch/medical-research-skills --skill limitation-and-risk-writer -a opencodeOpenCode documents no install command of its own. Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.config/opencode/skills/.
$ gh skill install aipoch/medical-research-skills limitation-and-risk-writer --agent opencodeProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .opencode/skills && cp -r skills-src/'awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer' .opencode/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.config/opencode/skills/ instead of .opencode/skills for a personal install.
OpenCode skills documentation · loads skills from .opencode/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "limitation-and-risk-writer" agent skill from https://github.com/aipoch/medical-research-skills/tree/main/awesome-med-research-skills/Academic%20Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer into .opencode/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "limitation-and-risk-writer", then confirm the skill loads.OpenCode copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
Facts
- Skill name
limitation-and-risk-writer- GitHub stars
- 1.9k
- Token cost
- ~1.7k tokens
- SKILL.md length
- 746 words
- Files
- 4 (incl. scripts, references)
- Skills in repo
- 578
- Repo updated
- First seen
- Licence
- MIT
At a glance
Acknowledges limitations in sample, design, measurement, and validation in a professional way that improves credibility without undermining the whole paper.
- Works in 5 steps: Collect the Limitations → Categorize Each Limitation → Apply the Limitation Formula → …
- Writing the limitations paragraph of a Discussion section
- SKILL.md covers When to Use, Input Validation, Core Workflow and Limitation-Type Phrase Bank, plus 1 more section
- Runs Python scripts from its folder
What it does
Limitation And Risk Writer is an agent skill from aipoch/medical-research-skills. Acknowledges limitations in sample, design, measurement, and validation in a professional way that improves credibility without undermining the whole paper. Use when writing the limitations paragraph of a Discussion section, preparing a grant risk assessment, responding to reviewers about study weaknesses, or framing scope boundaries for a paper. Also triggers on "write my limitations", "how should I address the limitation of", "reviewer said my sample is too small", or "help me word this limitation".
Its SKILL.md is about 1.7k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. The skill folder holds 5 other files, including scripts and reference files (for example `eval_report_limitation-and-risk-writer_result.json`, `references/audit-reference.md` and `scripts/main.py`).
It sits in Research & Science. The repository describes itself as: Hundreds of agent skills for medical research, including protocol design, data analysis, evidence insights, and academic writing. The licence is MIT.
When your agent uses it
- Writing the limitations paragraph of a Discussion section
- Preparing a grant risk assessment
- Responding to reviewers about study weaknesses
- Framing scope boundaries for a paper
Example prompts
- “write my limitations”
- “how should I address the limitation of”
- “reviewer said my sample is too small”
- “/limitation-and-risk-writer”
Requirements
- Python 3
Workflow steps
5 steps, taken from the step headings in SKILL.md.
What it can do on your machine
Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 686e09d. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.
Tool permissions
Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.
From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.
Runs code
Ships 1 file in scripts/ (Python), which the agent can run.
From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.
Network
No URLs in SKILL.md.
From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.
Credentials
Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.
From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.
Context cost
Limitation And Risk Writer loads about 1.7k tokens when it runs, and up to ~1.9k if it reads all its reference files. Until then it costs about 133 tokens; SKILL.md has 746 words of instructions outside code blocks.
Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.
Safety
Auto-check passed
The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.
Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); the scripts in this folder are not scanned.
SKILL.md
The full file from aipoch/medical-research-skills at commit 686e09d, republished under its MIT licence (© aipoch). 746 words, ~1,682 tokens.
Download SKILL.mdSave it as
.claude/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder). This skill also uses 3 other files; get the full folder from GitHub.- name
- limitation-and-risk-writer
- description
- Acknowledges limitations in sample, design, measurement, and validation in a professional way that improves credibility without undermining the whole paper. Use when writing the limitations paragraph of a Discussion section, preparing a grant risk assessment, responding to reviewers about study weaknesses, or framing scope boundaries for a paper. Also triggers on "write my limitations", "how should I address the limitation of", "reviewer said my sample is too small", or "help me word this limitation".
- license
- MIT
- author
- AIPOCH
Study Limitations Drafter
You are a scientific writing specialist for limitations and scope boundary sections. Your job is to produce honest, professionally worded limitation statements that acknowledge real study weaknesses without catastrophizing the contribution.
When to Use
- Writing the limitations subsection within a Discussion section
- Drafting a risk/limitation assessment section for a grant proposal
- Responding to peer-reviewer criticisms about study weaknesses
- Framing the boundary conditions of the study's conclusions
- Rewriting a limitations section that is either too dismissive or too self-defeating
Input Validation
This skill accepts:
- A list or description of the study's limitations (design, sample, measurement, validation)
- Optionally: study type, journal target, tone preference (grant vs manuscript vs rebuttal)
Out-of-scope:
- Fabricating limitations that the user has not identified
- Providing clinical advice about whether the study's weaknesses invalidate its conclusions for patient care
"Study Limitations Drafter helps you word known limitations professionally. Please describe the specific limitations you want to address."
Core Workflow
Step 1 — Collect the Limitations
Ask the user to specify:
- What are the limitations? (design? sample? measurement? validation? generalizability? follow-up?)
- Study type: to apply domain-appropriate framing (RCT bias sources differ from retrospective cohort)
- Context: Is this for a manuscript limitations paragraph, grant proposal, or reviewer rebuttal?
- Tone: Formal academic / pragmatic grant / defensive rebuttal
If limitations are vague (e.g., "small sample"), ask for specifics: What was the sample size? What minimum would have been adequate?
Step 2 — Categorize Each Limitation
For each limitation, classify it as:
| Category | Examples |
|---|---|
| Design | Retrospective design, lack of randomization, cross-sectional (cannot establish temporality), single-arm |
| Sample | Small sample size, single-center, selected population limiting generalizability, lack of validation cohort |
| Measurement | Self-reported exposure, surrogate outcome, unmeasured confounders, reliance on ICD codes |
| Follow-up | Short follow-up for long-term outcomes, loss to follow-up / attrition |
| Validation | Internal validation only, no external cohort, no prospective replication |
| Generalizability | Specific age range, single ethnicity, disease severity selection |
Step 3 — Apply the Limitation Formula
For each limitation, produce a 2–3 sentence statement following:
[Acknowledge the constraint clearly] + [State its specific impact on interpretation] + [Note mitigation taken or propose future direction]Examples:
Single-center design:
"This study was conducted at a single academic medical center, which may limit the generalizability of findings to other clinical settings with different patient demographics or practice patterns. However, the center's case volume and protocolized management minimize within-center heterogeneity."
Retrospective design (unmeasured confounders):
"As a retrospective analysis, we cannot exclude residual confounding from unmeasured variables such as comorbidity burden and medication adherence. While we adjusted for [covariates], propensity-score matching or a prospective design would provide stronger causal inference."
Short follow-up:
"The median follow-up of 14 months may be insufficient to capture late events or long-term outcomes. Longer follow-up in future prospective studies would better characterize the durability of the observed effect."
Internal validation only:
"The predictive model was validated only in an internal holdout sample derived from the same institution. External validation in geographically or demographically distinct cohorts is needed before clinical implementation."
Show full SKILL.md (275 more words)Show less
Step 4 — Assemble and Calibrate Tone
- Manuscript limitations paragraph: start with the most important limitation, group related ones, end with a forward-looking statement about what future studies should do
- Grant proposal risk section: frame limitations as "challenges" with a mitigation plan (how the current study design addresses or minimizes each risk)
- Reviewer rebuttal: directly address each criticism with (a) acknowledgment, (b) contextualization of why it does not invalidate the core finding, (c) any additional analysis or text revision offered
Step 5 — Calibration Check
Before finalizing, verify:
- Each limitation is acknowledged without understating or dismissing it
- Each limitation has a stated impact on interpretation
- Each limitation has a mitigation or future direction (avoid dead-end statements)
- The limitations section does not repeat what was already said in the Results section
- Tone is consistent across all limitation statements
- No limitation is fabricated or exaggerated
Limitation-Type Phrase Bank
To acknowledge: "A limitation of this study is..." / "This analysis is subject to..." / "We acknowledge that..."
To state impact: "...which may limit the generalizability of our findings to..." / "...precluding causal inference" / "...may introduce information bias"
To mitigate or redirect: "However, [mitigation taken]..." / "Future prospective studies should..." / "External validation in [setting] is warranted..."
Avoid:
- "This limitation is common to all studies of this type" (too dismissive)
- "This limitation completely undermines our conclusions" (too catastrophizing)
- "Despite these limitations, our study is the first to..." (not a limitation, belongs in strengths)
Hard Rules
- Do not fabricate limitations that the user has not identified or implied
- Do not suggest a study is invalid without specific grounds from the user's description
- Do not use limitation statements as opportunities to make inflated claims about the study's strength
© aipoch, MIT. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file
Files
SKILL.md and 3 other files (scripts, references) in awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer of aipoch/medical-research-skills.
- SKILL.md
- eval_report_limitation-and-risk-writer_result.json
- references/audit-reference.md
- scripts/main.py
Open the folder on GitHubat commit 686e09d
Compare with similar skills
Limitation And Risk Writer next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.
| Skill | Stars | Used in | Tokens | Auto-check | Licence | Repo updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Limitation And Risk Writer this skillaipoch/medical-research-skills | 1.9k | — | ~1.7k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Hypothesis Generationspacering-net/codeg | 3.9k | 14 repos | ~3.6k | Automated safety check: Notes | MIT | |
| GitHub Deep Researchbytedance/deer-flow | 84k | 4 repos | ~1.3k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Nature Paper CardYuan1z0825/nature-skills | 47k | 2 repos | ~2.1k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| Content Research Writerweapp-tailwindcss/weapp-tailwindcss | 1.9k | 25 repos | ~3.5k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Last30daysmvanhorn/last30days-skill | 64k | — | ~7.9k | Automated safety check: Notes | MIT |
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Categories
Questions about Limitation And Risk Writer
What does Limitation And Risk Writer do?
Acknowledges limitations in sample, design, measurement, and validation in a professional way that improves credibility without undermining the whole paper. Limitation And Risk Writer is an agent skill from aipoch/medical-research-skills. Acknowledges limitations in sample, design, measurement, and validation in a professional way that improves credibility without undermining the whole paper.
When should I use Limitation And Risk Writer?
Limitation And Risk Writer fits situations like: writing the limitations paragraph of a Discussion section; preparing a grant risk assessment; responding to reviewers about study weaknesses; framing scope boundaries for a paper.
How do I install Limitation And Risk Writer in Claude Code?
Run `npx skills add aipoch/medical-research-skills --skill limitation-and-risk-writer -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer in aipoch/medical-research-skills) into .claude/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.
How do I install Limitation And Risk Writer in Codex?
Run `npx skills add aipoch/medical-research-skills --skill limitation-and-risk-writer -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (awesome-med-research-skills/Academic Writing/limitation-and-risk-writer in aipoch/medical-research-skills) into .agents/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.
Can I use Limitation And Risk Writer in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?
Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add aipoch/medical-research-skills --skill limitation-and-risk-writer -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer, .gemini/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer, .github/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer and .opencode/skills/limitation-and-risk-writer in your project.
What does Limitation And Risk Writer need to run?
Going by SKILL.md and its folder, Limitation And Risk Writer needs Python for the scripts in its folder. Our summary lists: Python 3.
Does Limitation And Risk Writer access the network?
SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.
Is Limitation And Risk Writer safe to install?
Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. The check reads SKILL.md only: the scripts in the folder are not scanned, so read them before running anything.
What licence does Limitation And Risk Writer use?
Limitation And Risk Writer is published under the MIT licence (declared in SKILL.md). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.
How many tokens does Limitation And Risk Writer use?
About 1.7k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 6.7k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full. Its references folder adds about 179 tokens, read only when the agent opens those files.
What are the alternatives to Limitation And Risk Writer?
Skills that share tags, products or a category with Limitation And Risk Writer: Hypothesis Generation (spacering-net/codeg, 3.9k stars), GitHub Deep Research (bytedance/deer-flow, 84k stars), Nature Paper Card (Yuan1z0825/nature-skills, 47k stars) and Content Research Writer (weapp-tailwindcss/weapp-tailwindcss, 1.9k stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.
Who maintains Limitation And Risk Writer?
aipoch (a GitHub organization) maintains it in aipoch/medical-research-skills, which has 1,937 GitHub stars. The repository holds 578 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on September 17, 2026.
Source: aipoch/medical-research-skills on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.