Paddle Build
PaddlePaddle/Paddle
A skill your agent uses when needing to compile, rebuild, or install Paddle from source after code changes.
Analyzes DWARF debug information in compiled binaries. An agent skill from trailofbits/skills.
OfficialCC-BY-SA-4.0Auto-check: notes
Install Dwarf Expert
$ npx skills add trailofbits/skills --skill dwarf-expert -a claude-codeProject install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.
$ gh skill install trailofbits/skills dwarf-expert --agent claude-codeProject scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/trailofbits/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert .claude/skills/dwarf-expert && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.
Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/
Install the "dwarf-expert" agent skill from https://github.com/trailofbits/skills/tree/main/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert into .claude/skills/dwarf-expert/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "dwarf-expert", then confirm the skill loads.Claude Code copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$skill-installer install https://github.com/trailofbits/skills/tree/main/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expertType this inside Codex. $skill-installer <name> installs a curated skill from openai/skills. The installer writes to $CODEX_HOME/skills (default ~/.codex/skills). Restart Codex if the skill does not show up.
$ npx skills add trailofbits/skills --skill dwarf-expert -a codexProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.codex/skills/.
$ gh skill install trailofbits/skills dwarf-expert --agent codexProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/trailofbits/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .agents/skills && cp -r skills-src/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert .agents/skills/dwarf-expert && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.agents/skills/ instead of .agents/skills for a personal install.
Codex skills documentation · loads skills from .agents/skills/
Install the "dwarf-expert" agent skill from https://github.com/trailofbits/skills/tree/main/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert into .agents/skills/dwarf-expert/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "dwarf-expert", then confirm the skill loads.Codex copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add trailofbits/skills --skill dwarf-expert -a cursorProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.cursor/skills/.
$ gh skill install trailofbits/skills dwarf-expert --agent cursorProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/trailofbits/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .cursor/skills && cp -r skills-src/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert .cursor/skills/dwarf-expert && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.cursor/skills/ instead of .cursor/skills for a personal install.
Cursor skills documentation · loads skills from .cursor/skills/, .agents/skills/, .claude/skills/, .codex/skills/
Install the "dwarf-expert" agent skill from https://github.com/trailofbits/skills/tree/main/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert into .cursor/skills/dwarf-expert/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "dwarf-expert", then confirm the skill loads.Cursor copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gemini skills install https://github.com/trailofbits/skills.git --path plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert--scope user (default) or --scope workspace; --path is the subfolder of the repo that holds the skill; --consent skips the security confirmation prompt.
$ npx skills add trailofbits/skills --skill dwarf-expert -a gemini-cliProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.gemini/skills/.
$ gh skill install trailofbits/skills dwarf-expert --agent gemini-cliProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/trailofbits/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .gemini/skills && cp -r skills-src/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert .gemini/skills/dwarf-expert && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.gemini/skills/ instead of .gemini/skills for a personal install, then run /skills reload.
Gemini CLI skills documentation · loads skills from .gemini/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "dwarf-expert" agent skill from https://github.com/trailofbits/skills/tree/main/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert into .gemini/skills/dwarf-expert/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "dwarf-expert", then confirm the skill loads.Gemini CLI copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gh skill install trailofbits/skills dwarf-expertInstalls for Copilot at project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Preview a skill first with gh skill preview. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ npx skills add trailofbits/skills --skill dwarf-expert -a github-copilotProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.copilot/skills/.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/trailofbits/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .github/skills && cp -r skills-src/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert .github/skills/dwarf-expert && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.copilot/skills/ instead of .github/skills for a personal install. Commit .github/skills so cloud agent and code review can use it.
GitHub Copilot skills documentation · loads skills from .github/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "dwarf-expert" agent skill from https://github.com/trailofbits/skills/tree/main/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert into .github/skills/dwarf-expert/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "dwarf-expert", then confirm the skill loads.GitHub Copilot copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add trailofbits/skills --skill dwarf-expert -a opencodeOpenCode documents no install command of its own. Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.config/opencode/skills/.
$ gh skill install trailofbits/skills dwarf-expert --agent opencodeProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/trailofbits/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .opencode/skills && cp -r skills-src/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert .opencode/skills/dwarf-expert && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.config/opencode/skills/ instead of .opencode/skills for a personal install.
OpenCode skills documentation · loads skills from .opencode/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "dwarf-expert" agent skill from https://github.com/trailofbits/skills/tree/main/plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert into .opencode/skills/dwarf-expert/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "dwarf-expert", then confirm the skill loads.OpenCode copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
Facts
- Skill name
dwarf-expert- GitHub stars
- 7.4k
- Token cost
- ~1.5k tokens
- SKILL.md length
- 673 words
- Files
- 3 (incl. assets)
- Skills in repo
- 79
- Repo updated
- First seen
- Licence
- CC-BY-SA-4.0
At a glance
Analyzes DWARF debug information in compiled binaries. An agent skill from trailofbits/skills.
- Works in 3 steps: dwarfstd.org — the official… → LLVM — llvm/lib/DebugInfo/DWARF/ is a… → libdwarf — the reference C…
- Inspecting .debug sections
- Instructions only: no scripts, shell commands, URLs or credentials in SKILL.md
- DWTAG/DWAT entries with dwarfdump/llvm-dwarfdump
What it does
Dwarf Expert is an agent skill from trailofbits/skills, published by the product's own GitHub organization. Analyzes DWARF debug information in compiled binaries. Use when inspecting .debug sections, DIE trees, or DWTAG/DWAT entries with dwarfdump/llvm-dwarfdump or readelf, verifying debug info with llvm-dwarfdump --verify, answering DWARF standard questions, or writing code that parses DWARF (libdwarf, pyelftools, gimli).
Its SKILL.md is about 1.5k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. The skill folder holds 4 other files, including assets (for example `agents/openai.yaml`).
It works with C++. The repository describes itself as: Trail of Bits Claude Code skills for security research, vulnerability detection, and audit workflows. The licence is CC-BY-SA-4.0.
When your agent uses it
- Inspecting .debug sections
- DWTAG/DWAT entries with dwarfdump/llvm-dwarfdump
- Verifying debug info with llvm-dwarfdump --verify
- Answering DWARF standard questions
Example prompts
- “Use the dwarf-expert skill to analyz DWARF debug information in compiled binaries. An agent skill from trailofbits/skills”
- “/dwarf-expert”
Requirements
- Python 3
- Pre-approved tools (allowed-tools): Read, Write, Edit, Bash, Grep, Glob, WebSearch, WebFetch
Workflow steps
3 steps, taken from the first numbered list in SKILL.md.
- dwarfstd.org — the official specification. Web-search specific sections,
- LLVM — llvm/lib/DebugInfo/DWARF/ is a reliable reference implementation
- libdwarf — the reference C implementation at github.com/davea42/libdwarf-code.
What it can do on your machine
Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 82fe822. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.
Tool permissions
Pre-approves these tools, so the agent can use them without asking each time:
ReadWriteEditBashGrepGlobWebSearchWebFetch
From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.
Runs code
No scripts in the folder and no shell commands in SKILL.md.
From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.
Network
No URLs in SKILL.md.
From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.
Credentials
Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.
From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.
Context cost
Dwarf Expert loads about 1.5k tokens when it runs. Until then it costs about 84 tokens; SKILL.md has 673 words of instructions outside code blocks.
Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.
Safety
Auto-check: notes
The automated check noted patterns worth knowing about, such as sudo or a known installer.
- NotePre-approves every shell command (allowed-tools: Bash)SKILL.md
allowed-tools: Read, Write, Edit, Bash, Grep, Glob, WebSearch, WebFetch
Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); files beside SKILL.md are not scanned.
SKILL.md
The full file from trailofbits/skills at commit 82fe822, republished under its CC-BY-SA-4.0 licence (© trailofbits). 673 words, ~1,497 tokens.
Download SKILL.mdSave it as
.claude/skills/dwarf-expert/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder). This skill also uses 2 other files; get the full folder from GitHub.- name
- dwarf-expert
- description
- Analyzes DWARF debug information in compiled binaries. Use when inspecting .debug_* sections, DIE trees, or DW_TAG_/DW_AT_ entries with dwarfdump/llvm-dwarfdump or readelf, verifying debug info with llvm-dwarfdump --verify, answering DWARF standard questions, or writing code that parses DWARF (libdwarf, pyelftools, gimli).
- allowed-tools
- Read, Write, Edit, Bash, Grep, Glob, WebSearch, WebFetch
- effort
- medium
DWARF Expert
Expertise for DWARF debug info: parsing and searching it, verifying its integrity, answering questions about the standard, and writing code that consumes it. Out of scope: runtime debugging (use gdb/lldb), reverse engineering beyond the DWARF sections (use Ghidra/IDA), and compiler-specific DWARF generation bugs.
Authoritative Sources
When precision matters, look standard details up instead of answering from memory:
- dwarfstd.org — the official specification. Web-search specific sections, e.g. "DWARF5 DW_TAG_subprogram attributes site:dwarfstd.org".
- LLVM —
llvm/lib/DebugInfo/DWARF/is a reliable reference implementation:DWARFDie.cpp(DIE and attribute access),DWARFUnit.cpp(compilation units),DWARFDebugLine.cpp(line tables),DWARFVerifier.cpp(validation). - libdwarf — the reference C implementation at github.com/davea42/libdwarf-code.
Parsing and Searching with dwarfdump
Prefer dwarfdump over readelf for DWARF-specific work. Two implementations
exist — libdwarf's dwarfdump and LLVM's llvm-dwarfdump — with different
options, and a bare dwarfdump command may be either: check dwarfdump --version
first. The options below are LLVM's.
On macOS, linked Mach-O executables do not carry DWARF: it stays in the .o
files until dsymutil collects it into a .dSYM bundle. Point dwarfdump at
the dSYM (or the object files), not the executable. pyelftools is ELF-only —
for Mach-O scripted work, stay with the LLVM tools.
--all: dump every DWARF section;--debug-info,--debug-line, etc. dump one--show-children [--recurse-depth=<n>]: include child DIEs when printing selected entries — parameters, locals, and struct members are children of function and type DIEs--show-parents [--parent-recurse-depth=<n>]: include parent DIEs--show-form: print attribute form types, for when encoding details matter--find=<name>: exact-name lookup via the accelerator tables — fast but not exhaustive; fall back to--namewhen it misses--name=<pattern> [--ignore-case] [--regex]: exhaustive DIE-name search--lookup=<address>: find the DIE covering an address--verbose: print low-level encoding detail
Searching DIEs
Escalate through these strategies as the query grows more complex:
- Name or address match:
--find, then--name;--lookupfor addresses. - Attribute or type queries (e.g. all parameters of type
float *): dump and filter.grep -Bpulls in the header line carrying each DIE's offset:llvm-dwarfdump file | grep -B 5 "float \*" | grep DW_TAG_formal_parameter, then print each DIE at its offset with--debug-info=<offset> --show-children(--lookuptakes a program address, not a DIE offset). - Multi-attribute or structural queries: when grep pipelines turn brittle,
write a Python script using
pyelftoolsinstead.
Show full SKILL.md (311 more words)Show less
Verifying DWARF Integrity
llvm-dwarfdump --verify <binary>: structural checks (unit chains, DIE relationships, address ranges).--error-display=<quiet|summary|details|full>controls detail;--verify-json=<path>writes a machine-readable error summary;--quietfor exit-code-only checks.llvm-dwarfdump --statistics <binary>: debug-info quality metrics as JSON — compare across compiler versions or optimization levels to catch regressions.
Verify after producing DWARF (compilers, binary rewriters), when a debugger misbehaves on a binary, and when developing DWARF tooling against known-good files.
When a current-generation compiler emitted an old DWARF version, the build
explicitly passed -gdwarf-N — modern gcc and clang default to v4/v5, so check
the build system rather than assuming a toolchain default. GCC embeds its flags
in DW_AT_producer, so the pin is often readable right there; clang's producer
string carries no flags. Old versions remain common in the wild and read the
same way apart from surface forms: in v2 output, member offsets appear as
location expressions (DW_OP_plus_uconst) and linkage names as
DW_AT_MIPS_linkage_name.
readelf
For general ELF structure, or when dwarfdump is unavailable:
--debug-dump=<section>: dump a DWARF section (info,line, ...)--dwarf-depth=<n>/--dwarf-start=<n>: limit DIE depth / start offset
Writing Code That Parses DWARF
Prefer an existing library over parsing by hand:
| Library | Language | Notes |
|---|---|---|
libdwarf | C/C++ | github.com/davea42/libdwarf-code — low-level; used to implement dwarfdump |
pyelftools | Python | github.com/eliben/pyelftools — also parses ELF in general |
gimli | Rust | github.com/gimli-rs/gimli — pair with object to load container files |
debug/dwarf | Go | standard library |
LibObjectFile | .NET | github.com/xoofx/LibObjectFile — also handles ELF/PE object files |
Default to Python with pyelftools for one-off scripts unless the task dictates
otherwise.
DWARF-specific pitfalls to handle — and to check for when reviewing DWARF code:
- Attributes are optional: a DIE may omit
DW_AT_name,DW_AT_type, ranges, etc. - Attribute indirection: a DIE's attributes may live on the DIE referenced by its
DW_AT_abstract_origin(inlined instances) orDW_AT_specification(out-of-line definitions) — resolve the chain before concluding data is absent. - Type chains: qualifiers and modifiers (
DW_TAG_const_type,DW_TAG_pointer_type, ...) wrap the underlying type; walkDW_AT_typelinks to reach the base type.
© trailofbits, CC-BY-SA-4.0. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file
Files
SKILL.md and 2 other files (assets) in plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert of trailofbits/skills.
- SKILL.md
- agents/openai.yaml
- assets/trail-of-bits-mark.svg
Open the folder on GitHubat commit 82fe822
Compare with similar skills
Dwarf Expert next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.
| Skill | Stars | Used in | Tokens | Auto-check | Licence | Repo updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dwarf Expert this skilltrailofbits/skills | 7.4k | — | ~1.5k | Automated safety check: Notes | CC-BY-SA-4.0 | |
| Paddle BuildPaddlePaddle/Paddle | 24k | — | ~1k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| Fory Releaseapache/fory | 4.6k | — | ~2.9k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| ONNX Runtime Shape Inference Safety Auditmicrosoft/onnxruntime | 22k | — | ~3.3k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Code Audit3stoneBrother/code-audit | 893 | 1 repos | ~2.7k | Automated safety check: Pass | None | |
| Qt C++ Code Reviewx-tools-author/x-tools | 1.1k | 2 repos | ~4.3k | Automated safety check: Pass | BSD-3-Clause |
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Related
Works with
Questions about Dwarf Expert
What does Dwarf Expert do?
Analyzes DWARF debug information in compiled binaries. An agent skill from trailofbits/skills. Dwarf Expert is an agent skill from trailofbits/skills, published by the product's own GitHub organization. Analyzes DWARF debug information in compiled binaries.
When should I use Dwarf Expert?
Dwarf Expert fits situations like: inspecting .debug sections; DWTAG/DWAT entries with dwarfdump/llvm-dwarfdump; verifying debug info with llvm-dwarfdump --verify; answering DWARF standard questions.
How do I install Dwarf Expert in Claude Code?
Run `npx skills add trailofbits/skills --skill dwarf-expert -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert in trailofbits/skills) into .claude/skills/dwarf-expert in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.
How do I install Dwarf Expert in Codex?
Run `npx skills add trailofbits/skills --skill dwarf-expert -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (plugins/dwarf-expert/skills/dwarf-expert in trailofbits/skills) into .agents/skills/dwarf-expert in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.
Can I use Dwarf Expert in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?
Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add trailofbits/skills --skill dwarf-expert -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/dwarf-expert, .gemini/skills/dwarf-expert, .github/skills/dwarf-expert and .opencode/skills/dwarf-expert in your project.
What does Dwarf Expert need to run?
SKILL.md names no scripts, command-line tools or credentials: Dwarf Expert is instructions for the agent only. Our summary lists: Python 3. Its frontmatter pre-approves these tools: Read, Write, Edit, Bash, Grep, Glob, WebSearch, WebFetch.
Does Dwarf Expert access the network?
SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.
Is Dwarf Expert safe to install?
Our automated static check of SKILL.md found notes only (pre-approves every shell command (allowed-tools: bash)), nothing it rates as a warning. It is not a guarantee. Review the folder before installing.
What licence does Dwarf Expert use?
Dwarf Expert is published under the CC-BY-SA-4.0 licence (the repository's licence). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.
How many tokens does Dwarf Expert use?
About 1.5k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 6k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full.
What are the alternatives to Dwarf Expert?
Skills that share tags, products or a category with Dwarf Expert: Paddle Build (PaddlePaddle/Paddle, 24k stars), Fory Release (apache/fory, 4.6k stars), ONNX Runtime Shape Inference Safety Audit (microsoft/onnxruntime, 22k stars) and Code Audit (3stoneBrother/code-audit, 893 stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.
Who maintains Dwarf Expert?
trailofbits (a GitHub organization, an official publisher) maintains it in trailofbits/skills, which has 7,400 GitHub stars. The repository holds 79 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on October 2, 2026.
Source: trailofbits/skills on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.