SQL Optimization Patterns
ynulihao/AgentSkillOS
Master SQL query optimization, indexing strategies, and EXPLAIN analysis to dramatically improve database performance and eliminate slow queries.
데이터베이스 정규화/비정규화 패턴 라이브러리. An agent skill from revfactory/harness-100.
Install Normalization Patterns
$ npx skills add revfactory/harness-100 --skill normalization-patterns -a claude-codeProject install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.
$ gh skill install revfactory/harness-100 normalization-patterns --agent claude-codeProject scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns .claude/skills/normalization-patterns && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.
Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/
Install the "normalization-patterns" agent skill from https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100/tree/main/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns into .claude/skills/normalization-patterns/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "normalization-patterns", then confirm the skill loads.Claude Code copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$skill-installer install https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100/tree/main/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patternsType this inside Codex. $skill-installer <name> installs a curated skill from openai/skills. The installer writes to $CODEX_HOME/skills (default ~/.codex/skills). Restart Codex if the skill does not show up.
$ npx skills add revfactory/harness-100 --skill normalization-patterns -a codexProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.codex/skills/.
$ gh skill install revfactory/harness-100 normalization-patterns --agent codexProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100.git skills-src && mkdir -p .agents/skills && cp -r skills-src/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns .agents/skills/normalization-patterns && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.agents/skills/ instead of .agents/skills for a personal install.
Codex skills documentation · loads skills from .agents/skills/
Install the "normalization-patterns" agent skill from https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100/tree/main/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns into .agents/skills/normalization-patterns/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "normalization-patterns", then confirm the skill loads.Codex copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add revfactory/harness-100 --skill normalization-patterns -a cursorProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.cursor/skills/.
$ gh skill install revfactory/harness-100 normalization-patterns --agent cursorProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100.git skills-src && mkdir -p .cursor/skills && cp -r skills-src/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns .cursor/skills/normalization-patterns && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.cursor/skills/ instead of .cursor/skills for a personal install.
Cursor skills documentation · loads skills from .cursor/skills/, .agents/skills/, .claude/skills/, .codex/skills/
Install the "normalization-patterns" agent skill from https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100/tree/main/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns into .cursor/skills/normalization-patterns/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "normalization-patterns", then confirm the skill loads.Cursor copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gemini skills install https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100.git --path ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns--scope user (default) or --scope workspace; --path is the subfolder of the repo that holds the skill; --consent skips the security confirmation prompt.
$ npx skills add revfactory/harness-100 --skill normalization-patterns -a gemini-cliProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.gemini/skills/.
$ gh skill install revfactory/harness-100 normalization-patterns --agent gemini-cliProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100.git skills-src && mkdir -p .gemini/skills && cp -r skills-src/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns .gemini/skills/normalization-patterns && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.gemini/skills/ instead of .gemini/skills for a personal install, then run /skills reload.
Gemini CLI skills documentation · loads skills from .gemini/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "normalization-patterns" agent skill from https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100/tree/main/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns into .gemini/skills/normalization-patterns/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "normalization-patterns", then confirm the skill loads.Gemini CLI copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gh skill install revfactory/harness-100 normalization-patternsInstalls for Copilot at project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Preview a skill first with gh skill preview. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ npx skills add revfactory/harness-100 --skill normalization-patterns -a github-copilotProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.copilot/skills/.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100.git skills-src && mkdir -p .github/skills && cp -r skills-src/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns .github/skills/normalization-patterns && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.copilot/skills/ instead of .github/skills for a personal install. Commit .github/skills so cloud agent and code review can use it.
GitHub Copilot skills documentation · loads skills from .github/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "normalization-patterns" agent skill from https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100/tree/main/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns into .github/skills/normalization-patterns/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "normalization-patterns", then confirm the skill loads.GitHub Copilot copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add revfactory/harness-100 --skill normalization-patterns -a opencodeOpenCode documents no install command of its own. Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.config/opencode/skills/.
$ gh skill install revfactory/harness-100 normalization-patterns --agent opencodeProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100.git skills-src && mkdir -p .opencode/skills && cp -r skills-src/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns .opencode/skills/normalization-patterns && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.config/opencode/skills/ instead of .opencode/skills for a personal install.
OpenCode skills documentation · loads skills from .opencode/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "normalization-patterns" agent skill from https://github.com/revfactory/harness-100/tree/main/ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns into .opencode/skills/normalization-patterns/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "normalization-patterns", then confirm the skill loads.OpenCode copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
Facts
- Skill name
normalization-patterns- GitHub stars
- 1.3k
- Token cost
- ~1.1k tokens
- SKILL.md length
- 457 words
- Files
- 1
- Skills in repo
- 464
- Repo updated
- First seen
- Licence
- Apache-2.0
At a glance
데이터베이스 정규화/비정규화 패턴 라이브러리. An agent skill from revfactory/harness-100.
- Tasks that involve Database schema design
- SKILL.md covers 대상 에이전트, 정규화 단계 판별 & 변환, 정규화 결정 흐름도 and 전략적 비정규화 패턴, plus 3 more sections
- Instructions only: no scripts, shell commands, URLs or credentials in SKILL.md
What it does
Normalization Patterns is an agent skill from revfactory/harness-100. 데이터베이스 정규화/비정규화 패턴 라이브러리. 1NF~BCNF 판별 기준, 함수 종속성 분석, 정규화 단계별 변환 절차, 전략적 비정규화 패턴, 공통 도메인 ERD 템플릿을 제공하는 data-modeler 확장 스킬. '정규화', '비정규화', 'ERD 패턴', '함수 종속성', '테이블 분리', '관계 설계' 등 데이터 모델링 시 사용한다. 단, DDL 생성이나 쿼리 최적화는 이 스킬의 범위가 아니다.
Its SKILL.md is about 1.1k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. It is a single SKILL.md file with no bundled scripts.
It sits in Databases, covering Database schema design. The licence is Apache-2.0.
When your agent uses it
- Tasks that involve Database schema design
Example prompts
- “ERD 패턴”
- “/normalization-patterns”
What it can do on your machine
Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 8e8d35c. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.
Tool permissions
Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.
From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.
Runs code
No scripts in the folder and no shell commands in SKILL.md.
From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.
Network
No URLs in SKILL.md.
From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.
Credentials
Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.
From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.
Context cost
Normalization Patterns loads about 1.1k tokens when it runs. Until then it costs about 63 tokens; SKILL.md has 457 words of instructions outside code blocks.
Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.
Safety
Auto-check passed
The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.
Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); files beside SKILL.md are not scanned.
SKILL.md
The full file from revfactory/harness-100 at commit 8e8d35c, republished under its Apache-2.0 licence (© revfactory). 457 words, ~1,090 tokens.
Download SKILL.mdSave it as
.claude/skills/normalization-patterns/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder).- name
- normalization-patterns
- description
- 데이터베이스 정규화/비정규화 패턴 라이브러리. 1NF~BCNF 판별 기준, 함수 종속성 분석, 정규화 단계별 변환 절차, 전략적 비정규화 패턴, 공통 도메인 ERD 템플릿을 제공하는 data-modeler 확장 스킬. '정규화', '비정규화', 'ERD 패턴', '함수 종속성', '테이블 분리', '관계 설계' 등 데이터 모델링 시 사용한다. 단, DDL 생성이나 쿼리 최적화는 이 스킬의 범위가 아니다.
Normalization Patterns — 정규화/비정규화 패턴 라이브러리
data-modeler 에이전트가 데이터 모델링 시 활용하는 정규화 규칙, 비정규화 전략, 도메인별 ERD 패턴.
대상 에이전트
data-modeler — 이 스킬의 정규화 규칙과 ERD 패턴을 데이터 모델 설계에 직접 적용한다.
정규화 단계 판별 & 변환
1NF (제1정규형)
규칙: 모든 컬럼은 원자값(atomic value)이어야 한다.
| 위반 패턴 | 문제 | 해결 |
|---|---|---|
| 다중값 컬럼 | tags = "java,python,go" | 별도 테이블 분리 (M:N) |
| 반복 그룹 | phone1, phone2, phone3 | 별도 테이블 분리 (1:N) |
| 복합값 | address = "서울시 강남구 역삼동" | 시/구/동 컬럼 분리 |
2NF (제2정규형)
전제: 1NF 만족 규칙: 부분 함수 종속성 제거 — 복합 기본키의 일부에만 종속되는 컬럼 분리.
| 위반 예 | 종속 관계 | 해결 |
|---|---|---|
주문상세(주문ID, 상품ID, 상품명, 수량) | 상품명 → 상품ID에만 종속 | 상품 테이블 분리 |
3NF (제3정규형)
전제: 2NF 만족 규칙: 이행적 함수 종속성 제거 — 기본키가 아닌 컬럼이 다른 비키 컬럼을 결정하면 안 됨.
| 위반 예 | 종속 관계 | 해결 |
|---|---|---|
직원(ID, 부서ID, 부서명, 부서장) | 부서명, 부서장 → 부서ID 종속 (이행적) | 부서 테이블 분리 |
BCNF (보이스-코드 정규형)
규칙: 모든 결정자(determinant)가 후보키여야 한다.
| 위반 예 | 문제 | 해결 |
|---|---|---|
수강(학생, 과목, 교수) 여기서 교수→과목 | 교수가 결정자이지만 후보키 아님 | 교수-과목 테이블 분리 |
정규화 결정 흐름도
데이터 분석
├─ 원자값 위반? → 1NF 변환
├─ 복합키 & 부분 종속? → 2NF 변환
├─ 이행적 종속? → 3NF 변환
├─ 비후보키 결정자? → BCNF 변환
└─ 성능 요구사항 → 전략적 비정규화 검토전략적 비정규화 패턴
언제 비정규화하는가?
- 읽기 >> 쓰기 비율이 높을 때
- JOIN이 5개 이상 필요한 빈번한 쿼리
- 실시간 집계/통계가 필요할 때
- 대시보드/리포트 전용 데이터
비정규화 패턴 카탈로그
| 패턴 | 설명 | 적합 상황 | 트레이드오프 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 파생 컬럼 | 계산값 저장 (total_price) | 빈번한 합계 조회 | 갱신 시 동기화 필요 |
| 중복 컬럼 | FK 대상의 자주 쓰는 컬럼 복사 | JOIN 회피 | 데이터 불일치 위험 |
| 사전 조인 테이블 | 조인 결과를 물리 테이블로 | 리포트/대시보드 | 저장 공간, 갱신 복잡 |
| 히스토리 스냅샷 | 시점 데이터 보존 (order_address) | 주문 시점 주소 보관 | 저장 공간 |
| 카운터 컬럼 | likes_count, comments_count | 실시간 카운트 표시 | 동시성 처리 |
| JSON/JSONB | 구조화되지 않은 확장 데이터 | 설정, 메타데이터 | 인덱싱 제한 |
공통 도메인 ERD 패턴
Show full SKILL.md (188 more words)Show less
이커머스
users ──1:N──> orders ──1:N──> order_items
│ │
└──1:N──> addresses products
└──1:N──> reviews ──N:1──────┘
│
products ──N:M──> categories (via product_categories)
products ──1:N──> product_images
products ──1:N──> product_variants핵심 테이블:
users(id, email, name, password_hash, created_at)products(id, name, description, base_price, status)orders(id, user_id, status, total, shipping_address_snapshot)order_items(id, order_id, product_id, variant_id, quantity, unit_price)
SaaS 멀티테넌트
tenants ──1:N──> users ──N:M──> roles (via user_roles)
│ │
└──1:N──> subscriptions permissions ──N:M──> roles
└──1:N──> [도메인 테이블] (tenant_id FK)핵심: 모든 비즈니스 테이블에 tenant_id 포함, RLS(Row Level Security) 적용
소셜 네트워크
users ──N:M──> users (via follows: follower_id, following_id)
│
└──1:N──> posts ──1:N──> comments
│ └──N:M──> tags (via post_tags)
│ └──1:N──> likes (user_id + post_id UNIQUE)
└──1:N──> messages (sender_id, receiver_id)CMS/블로그
users ──1:N──> posts ──N:M──> tags (via post_tags)
│
└──1:N──> comments (self-referencing: parent_id)
└──1:N──> media
└──1:1──> post_meta (SEO, OG 등)관계 패턴
1:1 관계
- 큰 테이블 분할 (자주 쓰는 컬럼 vs 가끔 쓰는 컬럼)
- 선택적 확장 (
user+user_profile) - 구현: FK + UNIQUE 제약
1:N 관계
- 가장 흔한 관계
- 자기참조: 카테고리 트리, 댓글 스레드 (
parent_id) - 구현: 자식 테이블에 FK
M:N 관계
- 중간 테이블(junction table) 필수
- 중간 테이블에 추가 속성 가능 (
created_at,role,quantity) - 네이밍:
{table1}_{table2}또는 의미 있는 이름 (enrollments)
공통 컬럼 패턴
기본 타임스탬프
모든 테이블에 포함:
id— UUID 또는 BIGINT AUTO_INCREMENTcreated_at— TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT NOW()updated_at— TIMESTAMPTZ, 트리거로 자동 갱신
Soft Delete
deleted_at— TIMESTAMPTZ NULL (NULL이면 미삭제)- 모든 쿼리에
WHERE deleted_at IS NULL조건 - 복원 가능, 감사 로그 역할
상태 관리
status— ENUM 또는 VARCHAR- 상태 전이 규칙 문서화 필수 (어떤 상태에서 어떤 상태로?)
- 이력이 필요하면 별도
status_history테이블
다국어
- 전략 1: 컬럼 확장 (
name_ko,name_en,name_ja) - 전략 2: 번역 테이블 (
product_translations: product_id, locale, name, description) - 전략 2 권장 (언어 추가 시 스키마 변경 불필요)
© revfactory, Apache-2.0. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file
Files
Just SKILL.md in ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns of revfactory/harness-100.
Open the folder on GitHubat commit 8e8d35c
Compare with similar skills
Normalization Patterns next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.
| Skill | Stars | Used in | Tokens | Auto-check | Licence | Repo updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normalization Patterns this skillrevfactory/harness-100 | 1.3k | — | ~1.1k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| SQL Optimization Patternsynulihao/AgentSkillOS | 617 | 10 repos | ~3.3k | Automated safety check: Pass | None | |
| Add Mpk Taskmirage-project/mirage | 2.5k | — | ~4.5k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| B200 Flash Attention4 Plannermirage-project/mirage | 2.5k | — | ~1.9k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| Experiment Auditwanshuiyin/Auto-claude-code-research-in-sleep | 17k | 1 repos | ~2.7k | Automated safety check: Notes | MIT | |
| Datamodellmnimbalyst/nimbalyst | 1.8k | — | ~713 | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT |
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All 464 skills in this repoAnti Bot Analyzer
revfactory/harness-100
A skill for analyzing website anti-bot defense mechanisms and developing legitimate evasion strategies.
API Error Design Patterns
revfactory/harness-100
Reference for designing how an API reports failures: structured error codes, response shapes, client-friendly messages, an error catalog and retry or fallback advice.
API Security Checklist
revfactory/harness-100
Walks a backend-dev agent through OWASP API Top 10 checks, authentication and authorization patterns, and defense code during API design.
Arg Parser Generator
revfactory/harness-100
Methodology for systematically designing and generating CLI tool argument parser structures.
Audience Segmentation
revfactory/harness-100
Audience segmentation skill used by the analyst and curator agents.
Audio Storytelling
revfactory/harness-100
Audio storytelling skill used by the podcast scriptwriter and show note editor.
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Questions about Normalization Patterns
What does Normalization Patterns do?
데이터베이스 정규화/비정규화 패턴 라이브러리. An agent skill from revfactory/harness-100. Normalization Patterns is an agent skill from revfactory/harness-100. 데이터베이스 정규화/비정규화 패턴 라이브러리.
When should I use Normalization Patterns?
Normalization Patterns fits situations like: tasks that involve Database schema design.
How do I install Normalization Patterns in Claude Code?
Run `npx skills add revfactory/harness-100 --skill normalization-patterns -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns in revfactory/harness-100) into .claude/skills/normalization-patterns in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.
How do I install Normalization Patterns in Codex?
Run `npx skills add revfactory/harness-100 --skill normalization-patterns -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (ko/19-database-architect/.claude/skills/normalization-patterns in revfactory/harness-100) into .agents/skills/normalization-patterns in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.
Can I use Normalization Patterns in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?
Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add revfactory/harness-100 --skill normalization-patterns -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/normalization-patterns, .gemini/skills/normalization-patterns, .github/skills/normalization-patterns and .opencode/skills/normalization-patterns in your project.
What does Normalization Patterns need to run?
SKILL.md names no scripts, command-line tools or credentials: Normalization Patterns is instructions for the agent only.
Does Normalization Patterns access the network?
SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.
Is Normalization Patterns safe to install?
Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. Review the folder before installing.
What licence does Normalization Patterns use?
Normalization Patterns is published under the Apache-2.0 licence (the repository's licence). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.
How many tokens does Normalization Patterns use?
About 1.1k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 4.4k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full.
What are the alternatives to Normalization Patterns?
Skills that share tags, products or a category with Normalization Patterns: SQL Optimization Patterns (ynulihao/AgentSkillOS, 617 stars), Add Mpk Task (mirage-project/mirage, 2.5k stars), B200 Flash Attention4 Planner (mirage-project/mirage, 2.5k stars) and Experiment Audit (wanshuiyin/Auto-claude-code-research-in-sleep, 17k stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.
Who maintains Normalization Patterns?
revfactory (a GitHub user) maintains it in revfactory/harness-100, which has 1,290 GitHub stars. The repository holds 464 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on March 22, 2026.
Source: revfactory/harness-100 on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.