The Art of Debugging
stas00/the-art-of-debugging
Condensed debugging method and tool recipes for Unix, Python and PyTorch programs: crashes, hangs, segfaults, wrong output, CUDA OOM, NaN values and slowness.
A skill your agent uses when working with Paddle's PHI kernel system: registering new kernels, debugging kernel selection/dispatch, understanding code auto-generation from YAML, or implementing…
Install Paddle Phi Kernel
$ npx skills add PaddlePaddle/Paddle --skill paddle-phi-kernel -a claude-codeProject install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.
$ gh skill install PaddlePaddle/Paddle paddle-phi-kernel --agent claude-codeProject scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel .claude/skills/paddle-phi-kernel && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.
Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/
Install the "paddle-phi-kernel" agent skill from https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel into .claude/skills/paddle-phi-kernel/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "paddle-phi-kernel", then confirm the skill loads.Claude Code copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$skill-installer install https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernelType this inside Codex. $skill-installer <name> installs a curated skill from openai/skills. The installer writes to $CODEX_HOME/skills (default ~/.codex/skills). Restart Codex if the skill does not show up.
$ npx skills add PaddlePaddle/Paddle --skill paddle-phi-kernel -a codexProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.codex/skills/.
$ gh skill install PaddlePaddle/Paddle paddle-phi-kernel --agent codexProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git skills-src && mkdir -p .agents/skills && cp -r skills-src/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel .agents/skills/paddle-phi-kernel && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.agents/skills/ instead of .agents/skills for a personal install.
Codex skills documentation · loads skills from .agents/skills/
Install the "paddle-phi-kernel" agent skill from https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel into .agents/skills/paddle-phi-kernel/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "paddle-phi-kernel", then confirm the skill loads.Codex copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add PaddlePaddle/Paddle --skill paddle-phi-kernel -a cursorProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.cursor/skills/.
$ gh skill install PaddlePaddle/Paddle paddle-phi-kernel --agent cursorProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git skills-src && mkdir -p .cursor/skills && cp -r skills-src/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel .cursor/skills/paddle-phi-kernel && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.cursor/skills/ instead of .cursor/skills for a personal install.
Cursor skills documentation · loads skills from .cursor/skills/, .agents/skills/, .claude/skills/, .codex/skills/
Install the "paddle-phi-kernel" agent skill from https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel into .cursor/skills/paddle-phi-kernel/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "paddle-phi-kernel", then confirm the skill loads.Cursor copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gemini skills install https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git --path .agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel--scope user (default) or --scope workspace; --path is the subfolder of the repo that holds the skill; --consent skips the security confirmation prompt.
$ npx skills add PaddlePaddle/Paddle --skill paddle-phi-kernel -a gemini-cliProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.gemini/skills/.
$ gh skill install PaddlePaddle/Paddle paddle-phi-kernel --agent gemini-cliProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git skills-src && mkdir -p .gemini/skills && cp -r skills-src/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel .gemini/skills/paddle-phi-kernel && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.gemini/skills/ instead of .gemini/skills for a personal install, then run /skills reload.
Gemini CLI skills documentation · loads skills from .gemini/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "paddle-phi-kernel" agent skill from https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel into .gemini/skills/paddle-phi-kernel/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "paddle-phi-kernel", then confirm the skill loads.Gemini CLI copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gh skill install PaddlePaddle/Paddle paddle-phi-kernelInstalls for Copilot at project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Preview a skill first with gh skill preview. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ npx skills add PaddlePaddle/Paddle --skill paddle-phi-kernel -a github-copilotProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.copilot/skills/.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git skills-src && mkdir -p .github/skills && cp -r skills-src/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel .github/skills/paddle-phi-kernel && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.copilot/skills/ instead of .github/skills for a personal install. Commit .github/skills so cloud agent and code review can use it.
GitHub Copilot skills documentation · loads skills from .github/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "paddle-phi-kernel" agent skill from https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel into .github/skills/paddle-phi-kernel/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "paddle-phi-kernel", then confirm the skill loads.GitHub Copilot copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add PaddlePaddle/Paddle --skill paddle-phi-kernel -a opencodeOpenCode documents no install command of its own. Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.config/opencode/skills/.
$ gh skill install PaddlePaddle/Paddle paddle-phi-kernel --agent opencodeProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle.git skills-src && mkdir -p .opencode/skills && cp -r skills-src/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel .opencode/skills/paddle-phi-kernel && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.config/opencode/skills/ instead of .opencode/skills for a personal install.
OpenCode skills documentation · loads skills from .opencode/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "paddle-phi-kernel" agent skill from https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/tree/develop/.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel into .opencode/skills/paddle-phi-kernel/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "paddle-phi-kernel", then confirm the skill loads.OpenCode copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
Facts
- Skill name
paddle-phi-kernel- GitHub stars
- 24k
- Token cost
- ~656 tokens
- SKILL.md length
- 144 words
- Files
- 5 (incl. references)
- Skills in repo
- 11
- Repo updated
- First seen
- Licence
- Apache-2.0
At a glance
A skill your agent uses when working with Paddle's PHI kernel system: registering new kernels, debugging kernel selection/dispatch, understanding code auto-generation from YAML, or implementing…
- Working with Paddles PHI kernel system: registering new kernels
- SKILL.md covers Kernel 两级 map 结构, KernelKey 哈希结构, 代码生成管线概览 and 组合算子机制, plus 2 more sections
- Instructions only: no scripts, shell commands, URLs or credentials in SKILL.md
- Debugging kernel selection/dispatch
What it does
Paddle Phi Kernel is an agent skill from PaddlePaddle/Paddle. Use when working with Paddle's PHI kernel system: registering new kernels, debugging kernel selection/dispatch, understanding code auto-generation from YAML, or implementing operator decomposition via the combination mechanism.
Its SKILL.md is about 660 tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. The skill folder holds 5 other files, including reference files (for example `references/codegen-pipeline.md`, `references/combination-mechanism.md` and `references/kernel-registration.md`).
It sits in Development, covering Deep learning. It works with Python. The repository describes itself as: PArallel Distributed Deep LEarning: Machine Learning Framework from Industrial Practice （『飞桨』核心框架，深度学习&机器学习高性能单机、分布式训练和跨平台部署）. The licence is Apache-2.0.
When your agent uses it
- Working with Paddles PHI kernel system: registering new kernels
- Debugging kernel selection/dispatch
- Understanding code auto-generation from YAML
- Implementing operator decomposition via the combination mechanism
Example prompts
- “/paddle-phi-kernel”
What it can do on your machine
Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 4793e33. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.
Tool permissions
Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.
From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.
Runs code
No scripts in the folder and no shell commands in SKILL.md.
From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.
Network
No URLs in SKILL.md.
From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.
Credentials
Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.
From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.
Context cost
Paddle Phi Kernel loads about 656 tokens when it runs, and up to ~7.7k if it reads all its reference files. Until then it costs about 61 tokens; SKILL.md has 144 words of instructions outside code blocks.
Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.
Safety
Auto-check passed
The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.
Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); files beside SKILL.md are not scanned.
SKILL.md
The full file from PaddlePaddle/Paddle at commit 4793e33, republished under its Apache-2.0 licence (© PaddlePaddle). 144 words, ~656 tokens.
Download SKILL.mdSave it as
.claude/skills/paddle-phi-kernel/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder). This skill also uses 4 other files; get the full folder from GitHub.- name
- paddle-phi-kernel
- description
- Use when working with Paddle's PHI kernel system: registering new kernels, debugging kernel selection/dispatch, understanding code auto-generation from YAML, or implementing operator decomposition via the combination mechanism.
PHI Kernel 体系总览
Kernel 两级 map 结构
PHI kernel 在 KernelFactory 单例中以两级 flat_hash_map 存储：
api_name (string) → KernelKeyMap
├── KernelKey_1 → Kernel_1
├── KernelKey_2 → Kernel_2
└── ...- 第一级：算子名称（如
"add","matmul"）→KernelKeyMap - 第二级：
KernelKey→Kernel对象（包含函数指针、参数元信息）
KernelKey 哈希结构
KernelKey 由 Backend、DataLayout、DataType 三要素组成，哈希编码为 32-bit 整数：
bit: 31 ─────── 20 | 19 ─── 12 | 11 ── 8 | 7 ── 0
Extended DataType Layout BackendBackend(bit 0-7): CPU / GPU / GPUDNN / XPU / OneDNN 等DataLayout(bit 8-11): NCHW / NHWC / ANY 等DataType(bit 12-19): FLOAT32 / FLOAT16 / BFLOAT16 / INT64 等Extended(bit 20-31): 保留位，用于未来扩展
代码生成管线概览
PHI 体系通过 YAML 驱动代码生成，覆盖三个子系统：
| 子系统 | 生成器 | 产出物 |
|---|---|---|
| C++ API 层 | api_gen.py | paddle/phi/api/lib/api.cc |
| 动态图函数层 | eager_gen.py | dygraph_functions.cc, nodes.cc |
| Python-C 映射层 | python_c_gen.py | eager_op_function.cc |
输入 YAML：ops.yaml, backward.yaml, fused_ops.yaml, sparse_ops.yaml, op_compat.yaml
组合算子机制
将 1061 个原生算子分解为约 200 个基础算子（primitive operators），降低分布式 / 编译器 / 新硬件适配成本。
- 前向分解：
DecompInterface→call_decomp_rule()→composite.h实现 - 反向分解（VJP）：
VjpInterface/DecompVjpInterface→call_decomp_vjp()→details.h实现 - CustomVJP：为 sigmoid、log_softmax 等数值敏感算子提供手写反向
什么场景看什么文件
| 场景 | 参考文档 |
|---|---|
| 注册新 kernel / 理解宏展开 | references/kernel-registration.md |
| 调试 kernel 选择 / 分派失败 | references/kernel-selection.md |
| 理解 YAML → 代码生成流程 | references/codegen-pipeline.md |
| 开发组合算子 / VJP | references/combination-mechanism.md |
社区源码链接（L3）
- PHI kernels 根目录:
paddle/phi/kernels/ - Kernel 注册宏:
paddle/phi/core/kernel_registry.h - KernelFactory:
paddle/phi/core/kernel_factory.h,kernel_factory.cc - YAML 定义:
paddle/phi/ops/yaml/ops.yaml,backward.yaml - 代码生成脚本:
paddle/phi/api/generator/—api_gen.py,backward_api_gen.py,tensor_operants_gen.py - 组合算子前向:
paddle/fluid/primitive/decomp_rule/decomp_rule/composite.h - 组合算子反向:
paddle/fluid/primitive/decomp_rule/decomp_vjp/details.h
© PaddlePaddle, Apache-2.0. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file
Files
SKILL.md and 4 other files (references) in .agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel of PaddlePaddle/Paddle.
- SKILL.md
- references/codegen-pipeline.md
- references/combination-mechanism.md
- references/kernel-registration.md
- references/kernel-selection.md
Open the folder on GitHubat commit 4793e33
Compare with similar skills
Paddle Phi Kernel next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.
| Skill | Stars | Used in | Tokens | Auto-check | Licence | Repo updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paddle Phi Kernel this skillPaddlePaddle/Paddle | 24k | — | ~656 | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| The Art of Debuggingstas00/the-art-of-debugging | 1.7k | — | ~6.1k | Automated safety check: Notes | CC-BY-SA-4.0 | |
| ExecuTorch Build Guidepytorch/executorch | 5.1k | — | ~2.3k | Automated safety check: Notes | Custom licence | |
| Code Reviewnstarman/quax | 143 | — | ~3.2k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| Onnxtxtonnx/onnx | 22k | — | ~1.3k | Automated safety check: Pass | Apache-2.0 | |
| ExecuTorch Cortex-M Backendpytorch/executorch | 5.1k | — | ~872 | Automated safety check: Pass | Custom licence |
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Categories
Questions about Paddle Phi Kernel
What does Paddle Phi Kernel do?
A skill your agent uses when working with Paddle's PHI kernel system: registering new kernels, debugging kernel selection/dispatch, understanding code auto-generation from YAML, or implementing…. Paddle Phi Kernel is an agent skill from PaddlePaddle/Paddle. Use when working with Paddle's PHI kernel system: registering new kernels, debugging kernel selection/dispatch, understanding code auto-generation from YAML, or implementing operator decomposition via the combination mechanism.
When should I use Paddle Phi Kernel?
Paddle Phi Kernel fits situations like: working with Paddles PHI kernel system: registering new kernels; debugging kernel selection/dispatch; understanding code auto-generation from YAML; implementing operator decomposition via the combination mechanism.
How do I install Paddle Phi Kernel in Claude Code?
Run `npx skills add PaddlePaddle/Paddle --skill paddle-phi-kernel -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel in PaddlePaddle/Paddle) into .claude/skills/paddle-phi-kernel in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.
How do I install Paddle Phi Kernel in Codex?
Run `npx skills add PaddlePaddle/Paddle --skill paddle-phi-kernel -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (.agents/skills/paddle-design-phi-kernel in PaddlePaddle/Paddle) into .agents/skills/paddle-phi-kernel in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.
Can I use Paddle Phi Kernel in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?
Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add PaddlePaddle/Paddle --skill paddle-phi-kernel -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/paddle-phi-kernel, .gemini/skills/paddle-phi-kernel, .github/skills/paddle-phi-kernel and .opencode/skills/paddle-phi-kernel in your project.
What does Paddle Phi Kernel need to run?
SKILL.md names no scripts, command-line tools or credentials: Paddle Phi Kernel is instructions for the agent only.
Does Paddle Phi Kernel access the network?
SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.
Is Paddle Phi Kernel safe to install?
Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. Review the folder before installing.
What licence does Paddle Phi Kernel use?
Paddle Phi Kernel is published under the Apache-2.0 licence (the repository's licence). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.
How many tokens does Paddle Phi Kernel use?
About 656 tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 2.6k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full. Its references folder adds about 7k tokens, read only when the agent opens those files.
What are the alternatives to Paddle Phi Kernel?
Skills that share tags, products or a category with Paddle Phi Kernel: The Art of Debugging (stas00/the-art-of-debugging, 1.7k stars), ExecuTorch Build Guide (pytorch/executorch, 5.1k stars), Code Review (nstarman/quax, 143 stars) and Onnxtxt (onnx/onnx, 22k stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.
Who maintains Paddle Phi Kernel?
PaddlePaddle (a GitHub organization) maintains it in PaddlePaddle/Paddle, which has 24,120 GitHub stars. The repository holds 11 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on September 30, 2026.
Source: PaddlePaddle/Paddle on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.