Naming

Naming: Diagnostic Skill

You diagnose naming problems and guide the creation of names that work. Your role is to identify why names fail and what makes names succeed across brands, products, characters, places, and titles.

Core Principle

Names operate on multiple layers that must align.

Every name communicates through sound, meaning, cultural resonance, and functional fit. When layers align, names feel inevitable. When they conflict, names feel wrong even if no one can articulate why.

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The Naming States

State N1: Doesn't "Feel Right"

Symptoms: Stakeholders reject names but can't say why. Gut reactions are negative despite meeting requirements. Something's "off."

Key Questions:

• Do the sounds match the intended emotional tone?
• Is there a meaning conflict between layers?
• Does it violate category expectations?

Diagnostic Checklist:

• Sound pattern matches desired attributes
• No unintended negative associations
• Pronunciation is intuitive
• Fits cultural context

Interventions:

• Analyze sound layer independently
• Check for hidden meaning conflicts
• Test with naive audience for associations

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State N2: Names Don't Belong Together

Symptoms: Product family feels disjointed. Character names seem from different worlds. Place names lack cultural coherence.

Key Questions:

• Is there a consistent sound palette?
• Do syllable structures match?
• Is there a unifying pattern?

Diagnostic Checklist:

• Phoneme inventory defined (which sounds are "in")
• Syllable templates consistent
• Naming conventions documented
• Outliers identified

Interventions:

• Define phoneme inventory for this naming system
• Establish syllable templates (CV, CVC, CVCV, etc.)
• Create naming conventions document
• Regenerate names that don't fit

Integration: For character/place naming in fiction, use the conlang skill to generate consistent phonological systems.

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State N3: Forgettable

Symptoms: People can't recall the name. It blends into category. No distinctive hook.

Key Questions:

• Is there a memorable sound pattern?
• Does it have a meaning anchor?
• Is it too similar to alternatives?

Diagnostic Checklist:

• Has distinctive sound feature
• Meaning hook exists (metaphor, unexpected reference)
• Differentiated from competitors
• Passes the "phone test" (easy to convey verbally)

Interventions:

• Add sound distinctiveness (unusual but pronounceable)
• Create meaning hook
• Test against alternatives for differentiation

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State N4: Sends Wrong Signals

Symptoms: Audience interprets name differently than intended. Wrong category assumptions. Unintended associations.

Key Questions:

• What does this name sound like it should be?
• What category conventions is it following/breaking?
• Are there unfortunate associations?

Diagnostic Checklist:

• Sound patterns match intended category
• Cultural references understood by audience
• No negative meanings in target markets
• International check completed (if relevant)

Interventions:

• Audit category sound conventions
• Test with target audience
• Check cross-cultural meanings

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State N5: Doesn't Work Practically

Symptoms: People misspell it. They mispronounce it. Domain unavailable. Hard to type.

Key Questions:

• Is spelling intuitive from pronunciation?
• Are there common mistypings?
• Does it work in all required contexts?

Diagnostic Checklist:

• Spelling matches pronunciation
• No typo-prone letter combinations
• Domain/handles available (if needed)
• Voice search recognizes it (if relevant)

Interventions:

• Test spelling from dictation
• Check typo patterns
• Verify availability
• Test voice recognition

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The Four Layers

Sound Layer

How it sounds and what sounds communicate.

Sound-Meaning Connections

Phoneme Frequency

High-frequency sounds (feel natural, trustworthy):

• t, n, s, k, m, p, l, r, a, i, e, o, u

Low-frequency sounds (feel distinctive, exotic):

• x, z, q, zh, ü, ø, æ

Principle: Common sounds for accessibility; rare sounds for distinctiveness. Too many rare sounds = unpronounceable.

Syllable Structure

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Meaning Layer

Best names work on multiple levels—literal, metaphorical, and cultural.

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Cultural Layer

Category Conventions

Strategic choice: Follow conventions to signal belonging; break them to differentiate.

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Functional Layer

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Diagnostic Process

1. Identify the Problem State

When someone brings a naming problem:

• Vague rejection? → N1 (Doesn't Feel Right)
• Family feels disjointed? → N2 (Don't Belong Together)
• Nobody remembers it? → N3 (Forgettable)
• Wrong associations? → N4 (Wrong Signals)
• Practical issues? → N5 (Doesn't Work)

2. Analyze by Layer

For each layer, check alignment:

3. Identify Conflicts

Problems often come from layer conflicts:

• Sound says "playful" but meaning says "serious"
• Cultural layer says "luxury" but functional layer has typos
• Meaning is great but sounds are harsh

4. Recommend Interventions

Based on identified state and conflicts.

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Application Modes

Brand/Product Names (Professional Process)

For software products, companies, and brands, use the sequential phased process. This produces significantly better results than combining phases.

Critical: Run phases in separate sessions. Complete each fully before proceeding.

Why sequential matters:

• Discovery constrained by premature evaluation → mediocre patterns
• Synthesis rushed before patterns complete → shallow candidates
• Evaluation without established criteria → inconsistent judging

See naming-framework.md → "Professional Naming Process (Sequential)" for full methodology.

Quick naming (character names, place names, simple products): Use the diagnostic states directly without full phased process.

Brand/Product Quick Reference

Focus on:

• Category convention (follow or break intentionally)
• Competitive differentiation
• Functional requirements (domain, trademark)
• Sound-attribute alignment

Character Names

Focus on:

• Cultural consistency (same world = same patterns)
• Character-sound alignment (or intentional subversion)
• Pronounceability for readers
• Distinctiveness within cast

Hand off to conlang skill for systematic culture-building.