Agent skill

Twelve Factor

by citypaul in citypaul/.dotfiles

Twelve-Factor App patterns for software-as-a-service and long-running process applications.

Custom licenceAuto-check: notesBackend & APIs

Install Twelve Factor

skills CLI
$ npx skills add citypaul/.dotfiles --skill twelve-factor -a claude-code

Project install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.

GitHub CLI
$ gh skill install citypaul/.dotfiles twelve-factor --agent claude-code

Project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).

Manual copy
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/citypaul/.dotfiles.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/claude/.claude/skills/twelve-factor .claude/skills/twelve-factor && rm -rf skills-src

Use ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.

Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/

Facts

Skill name
twelve-factor
GitHub stars
740
Token cost
~4.4k tokens
SKILL.md length
2,203 words
Files
2
Skills in repo
44
Repo updated
First seen
Licence
Custom licence

At a glance

Twelve-Factor App patterns for software-as-a-service and long-running process applications.

  • Works in 5 steps: Config (Factor III) — add env var… → Logs (Factor XI) — switch to structured… → Disposability (Factor IX) — add graceful… → …
  • Configuring deploy-time environment
  • SKILL.md covers When to Apply, Codebase (Factor I), Config (Factor III) and Dependencies (Factor II), plus 11 more sections
  • Instructions only: no scripts, shell commands, URLs or credentials in SKILL.md

What it does

Twelve Factor is an agent skill from citypaul/.dotfiles. Twelve-Factor App patterns for software-as-a-service and long-running process applications. Use when configuring deploy-time environment, backing services, process startup/shutdown, or operational parity. Apply individual principles to frontends, serverless functions, and CLIs only where their runtime and platform make them relevant.

Its SKILL.md is about 4.4k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. The skill folder holds 2 other files (for example `resources/node-patterns.md`).

It sits in Backend & APIs, covering Serverless. It works with TypeScript.

When your agent uses it

  • Configuring deploy-time environment
  • Backing services
  • Process startup/shutdown
  • Operational parity

Example prompts

  • “/twelve-factor”

Workflow steps

5 steps, taken from the first numbered list in SKILL.md.

  1. Config (Factor III) — add env var validation without restructuring
  2. Logs (Factor XI) — switch to structured process-stream logging
  3. Disposability (Factor IX) — add graceful shutdown handlers
  4. Backing services (Factor IV) — inject platform-appropriate resource bindings
  5. Stateless processes (Factor VI) — migrate in-memory state to backing services

What it can do on your machine

Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit cd4028d. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.

  • Tool permissions

    Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.

    From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.

  • Runs code

    No scripts in the folder and no shell commands in SKILL.md (its code samples are typescript).

    From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.

  • Network

    Links to these hosts (documentation or services it may open):

    • 12factor.net

    From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.

  • Credentials

    Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.

    From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.

Context cost

Twelve Factor loads about 4.4k tokens when it runs. Until then it costs about 87 tokens; SKILL.md has 2,203 words of instructions outside code blocks.

Always · name and description, kept in context so the agent knows when to use it
~87
When it runs · the whole SKILL.md, loaded when a task matches
~4.4k

Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.

Safety

Auto-check: notes

The automated check noted patterns worth knowing about, such as sudo or a known installer.

  • NoteMentions a .env fileSKILL.md:49
    real credential, and never a committed `.env`. A validation schema tells the process what is wrong at boot; it does not
  • NoteMentions a .env fileSKILL.md:242
    only, no real credentials, no committed `.env`)

Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); files beside SKILL.md are not scanned.

SKILL.md

Its licence (Custom licence) doesn't allow us to republish the file, so here is its outline and opening line. It has 2,203 words (~4,367 tokens).

“The original methodology targets software-as-a-service applications. Its principles can inform other deployables, but port binding, concurrency, process disposability, runtime config, and artifact parity do not map literally to every frontend, serverless function, or CLI.”

— opening of SKILL.md by citypaul, Custom licence
name
twelve-factor

Read the full SKILL.md on GitHub

Files

SKILL.md and 1 other file in claude/.claude/skills/twelve-factor of citypaul/.dotfiles.

  • SKILL.md
  • resources/node-patterns.md

Open the folder on GitHubat commit cd4028d

Compare with similar skills

Twelve Factor next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.

Twelve Factor compared with similar skills
SkillStarsUsed inTokensAuto-checkLicenceRepo updated
Twelve Factor this skillcitypaul/.dotfiles740—~4.4kAutomated safety check: NotesCustom licence
AWS Serverless Edazxkane/aws-skills3674 repos~3.2kAutomated safety check: PassMIT
Qstash JSupstash/qstash-js269—~746Automated safety check: PassMIT
Dce Edgevercel/next.js143k—~1kAutomated safety check: PassMIT
AWS Lambda Durable Functionsawslabs/agent-plugins916—~2.3kAutomated safety check: PassApache-2.0
AWS Lambda Typescript Integrationgiuseppe-trisciuoglio/developer-kit357—~2.9kAutomated safety check: NotesMIT

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Works with

Questions about Twelve Factor

What does Twelve Factor do?

Twelve-Factor App patterns for software-as-a-service and long-running process applications. dotfiles. Twelve-Factor App patterns for software-as-a-service and long-running process applications.

When should I use Twelve Factor?

Twelve Factor fits situations like: configuring deploy-time environment; backing services; process startup/shutdown; operational parity.

How do I install Twelve Factor in Claude Code?

Run `npx skills add citypaul/.dotfiles --skill twelve-factor -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (claude/.claude/skills/twelve-factor in citypaul/.dotfiles) into .claude/skills/twelve-factor in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.

How do I install Twelve Factor in Codex?

Run `npx skills add citypaul/.dotfiles --skill twelve-factor -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (claude/.claude/skills/twelve-factor in citypaul/.dotfiles) into .agents/skills/twelve-factor in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.

Can I use Twelve Factor in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?

Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add citypaul/.dotfiles --skill twelve-factor -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/twelve-factor, .gemini/skills/twelve-factor, .github/skills/twelve-factor and .opencode/skills/twelve-factor in your project.

What does Twelve Factor need to run?

SKILL.md names no scripts, command-line tools or credentials: Twelve Factor is instructions for the agent only.

Does Twelve Factor access the network?

SKILL.md names 1 domain. As links in the text: 12factor.net. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.

Is Twelve Factor safe to install?

Our automated static check of SKILL.md found notes only (mentions a .env file), nothing it rates as a warning. It is not a guarantee. Review the folder before installing.

What licence does Twelve Factor use?

Twelve Factor has a licence file (the repository's licence) that doesn't match a standard licence. Read it on GitHub before reusing the skill.

How many tokens does Twelve Factor use?

About 4.4k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 17k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full.

What are the alternatives to Twelve Factor?

Skills that share tags, products or a category with Twelve Factor: AWS Serverless Eda (zxkane/aws-skills, 367 stars), Qstash JS (upstash/qstash-js, 269 stars), Dce Edge (vercel/next.js, 143k stars) and AWS Lambda Durable Functions (awslabs/agent-plugins, 916 stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.

Who maintains Twelve Factor?

citypaul (a GitHub user) maintains it in citypaul/.dotfiles, which has 740 GitHub stars. The repository holds 44 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on October 9, 2026.

Source: citypaul/.dotfiles on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.