Agent skill

Biz Management Accounting

by asgard-ai-platform in asgard-ai-platform/skills

Management accounting toolkit for internal decision support: ABC costing, variance analysis, transfer pricing, and responsibility accounting.

MITAuto-check passedBusiness, Finance & HR

Install Biz Management Accounting

skills CLI
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill biz-management-accounting -a claude-code

Project install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.

GitHub CLI
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills biz-management-accounting --agent claude-code

Project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).

Manual copy
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/biz-management-accounting .claude/skills/biz-management-accounting && rm -rf skills-src

Use ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.

Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/

Facts

Skill name
biz-management-accounting
GitHub stars
242
Token cost
~1.3k tokens
SKILL.md length
304 words
Files
5 (incl. references)
Skills in repo
207
Repo updated
First seen
Licence
MIT

At a glance

Management accounting toolkit for internal decision support: ABC costing, variance analysis, transfer pricing, and responsibility accounting.

  • Works in 5 steps: 辨識作業(Activities):例如「機器設置」、「品質檢驗」、「訂單處理」 → 歸集成本池(Cost Pools):把製造費用按作業歸集 → 選定成本動因(Cost Drivers):設置次數、檢驗小時、訂單筆數 → …
  • Product profitability disputes
  • SKILL.md covers 定位, 何時使用, IRON LAW — 管理會計的三條鐵律 and Rationalization Table — 當…, plus 6 more sections
  • Instructions only: no scripts, shell commands, URLs or credentials in SKILL.md

What it does

Biz Management Accounting is an agent skill from asgard-ai-platform/skills. Management accounting toolkit for internal decision support: ABC costing, variance analysis, transfer pricing, and responsibility accounting. Use for product profitability disputes, budget variance diagnosis, inter-division pricing design, and business-unit manager performance evaluation. Triggers: 『這個產品真的賺錢嗎』『成本分攤』『事業部之間怎麼算錢』『本月成本超支』『評核廠長績效』『內部轉撥』『ABC 作業成本』『差異分析』『責任中心』『管理會計』. For Taiwan EMBA cases, term reports, and management-decision simulations (台大/陽交/成大 財管必修).

Its SKILL.md is about 1.3k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. The skill folder holds 6 other files, including reference files (for example `examples/tsmc-foundry-abc.md`, `references/abc-evolution.md` and `references/emba-teaching-preferences.md`).

It sits in Business, Finance & HR, covering Accounting and bookkeeping. The repository describes itself as: 301 open-source coding agent skills across 22 domains — methodology, judgment & gotchas packaged as Claude Agent Skills for the Asgard AI Platform. The licence is MIT.

When your agent uses it

  • Product profitability disputes
  • Budget variance diagnosis
  • Inter-division pricing design
  • Business-unit manager performance evaluation

Example prompts

  • “/biz-management-accounting”

Workflow steps

5 steps, taken from the first numbered list in SKILL.md.

  1. 辨識作業(Activities):例如「機器設置」、「品質檢驗」、「訂單處理」
  2. 歸集成本池(Cost Pools):把製造費用按作業歸集
  3. 選定成本動因(Cost Drivers):設置次數、檢驗小時、訂單筆數
  4. 計算作業費率:成本池金額 ÷ 動因總量
  5. 分攤至產品:產品耗用的動因量 × 費率

What it can do on your machine

Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 4e7f4f8. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.

  • Tool permissions

    Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.

    From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.

  • Runs code

    No scripts in the folder and no shell commands in SKILL.md (its code samples are markdown).

    From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.

  • Network

    No URLs in SKILL.md.

    From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.

  • Credentials

    Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.

    From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.

Context cost

Biz Management Accounting loads about 1.3k tokens when it runs, and up to ~3.6k if it reads all its reference files. Until then it costs about 124 tokens; SKILL.md has 304 words of instructions outside code blocks.

Always · name and description, kept in context so the agent knows when to use it
~124
When it runs · the whole SKILL.md, loaded when a task matches
~1.3k
With references · SKILL.md plus every file in references/, read only if the agent opens them
~3.6k

Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.

Safety

Auto-check passed

The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.

Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); files beside SKILL.md are not scanned.

SKILL.md

The full file from asgard-ai-platform/skills at commit 4e7f4f8, republished under its MIT licence (© asgard-ai-platform). 304 words, ~1,287 tokens.

Download SKILL.mdSave it as .claude/skills/biz-management-accounting/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder). This skill also uses 4 other files; get the full folder from GitHub.
name
biz-management-accounting
description
Management accounting toolkit for internal decision support: ABC costing, variance analysis, transfer pricing, and responsibility accounting. Use for product profitability disputes, budget variance diagnosis, inter-division pricing design, and business-unit manager performance evaluation. Triggers: 『這個產品真的賺錢嗎』『成本分攤』『事業部之間怎麼算錢』『本月成本超支』『評核廠長績效』『內部轉撥』『ABC 作業成本』『差異分析』『責任中心』『管理會計』. For Taiwan EMBA cases, term reports, and management-decision simulations (台大/陽交/成大 財管必修).
metadata.category
WP-15 商學院—財務
metadata.tags
management-accounting, cost-accounting, abc-costing, variance-analysis, transfer-pricing, responsibility-accounting, emba
metadata.audience
台灣 EMBA 在職學員

管理會計工具箱(Management Accounting Toolkit)

定位

管理會計 ≠ 財務會計:財務會計對外(股東、監管、稅務),管理會計對內(經理人決策、績效評核)。本 skill 聚焦四大核心工具,協助 EMBA 學員完成「成本分析/差異檢討/內部計價/部門績效」類作業。

與 Asgard 既有 skill 的邊界:

  • biz-financial-ratios / biz-dupont / data-financial-analysis — 對外財報分析
  • biz-breakeven — 單一產品損益平衡,不處理多產品成本分攤
  • 本 skill — 對內管理決策,處理製造費用分攤、預實差異、內部交易、績效評核

何時使用

觸發條件

  • 個案中出現「這個產品到底賺不賺錢」、「成本分攤方法是否公平」
  • 製造業個案需分析轉撥計價、責任中心
  • 期末報告要評核部門績效或診斷成本結構
  • 管理決策模擬(外包決策、產品組合、資源配置)

不適用

  • 對外財報分析 → 用 biz-financial-ratios
  • 總體損益平衡 → 用 biz-breakeven
  • 資本預算決策 → 用 biz-dcf
  • 單位經濟學(獲客/留存) → 用 biz-unit-economics

IRON LAW — 管理會計的三條鐵律

IRON LAW 1:成本分攤方法決定決策品質
錯誤的分攤方法會讓賺錢產品看起來賠錢、賠錢產品看起來賺錢。
導入 ABC 前,永遠先問「現行成本系統是否扭曲了產品線決策?」
IRON LAW 2:沒有對照就沒有差異分析
「本月材料成本超支 300 萬」毫無意義。
必須拆解為:價格差異 × 用量差異,才能指出責任歸屬與改善方向。
IRON LAW 3:績效評核只能基於可控成本
用不可控成本評核經理人 = 系統失靈 + 士氣崩潰。
責任中心會計的前提是「可控性原則」,違反此原則的績效制度一定產生扭曲行為。

Rationalization Table — 當 Claude 想「本案例外」時,先自問

可能想但 Iron Law 仍適用,因為
「個案只給傳統成本資料,就沿用吧」即使資料有限,結論也必須標註「此成本系統可能扭曲產品決策」;沉默 = 背書
「本月差異小於 5%,不必拆」差異分析的價值在診斷責任歸屬,不在金額;小差異也拆價格 × 用量
「老闆要用 BU 總利潤排名評比廠長,就照做」若含不可控成本,結論必須加註「評核有失公允」;可控性原則不讓步

四大核心工具

工具一:ABC 作業成本制(Activity-Based Costing)

用於:多產品/多製程/高間接費用比例的企業,傳統分攤(以工時或機器小時)會扭曲成本。

五步法

  1. 辨識作業(Activities):例如「機器設置」、「品質檢驗」、「訂單處理」
  2. 歸集成本池(Cost Pools):把製造費用按作業歸集
  3. 選定成本動因(Cost Drivers):設置次數、檢驗小時、訂單筆數
  4. 計算作業費率:成本池金額 ÷ 動因總量
  5. 分攤至產品:產品耗用的動因量 × 費率

關鍵判斷

  • 若傳統分攤 vs. ABC 結果差異 > 15%,表示產品成本嚴重扭曲
  • 小量客製化產品常被傳統系統「低估成本」,大量標準品則被「高估成本」
工具二:差異分析(Variance Analysis)

用於:預實差異檢討、成本控制、責任歸屬

三大差異類型

差異公式責任歸屬
材料價格差異(實際單價 − 標準單價) × 實際用量採購部門
材料用量差異(實際用量 − 標準用量) × 標準單價生產部門
人工效率差異(實際工時 − 標準工時) × 標準工資率現場主管
製造費用能量差異(預計產能 − 實際產能) × 固定製造費用率廠務/高層
製造費用支出差異實際費用 − 預算費用廠務

分析流程

  1. 取得標準成本卡與實際發生數
  2. 拆解每項差異
  3. 判讀:差異大小、有利/不利、責任部門
  4. 提出改善行動
工具三:轉撥計價(Transfer Pricing)

用於:集團內事業部/利潤中心間的內部交易

四種定價方法比較

方法優點缺點適用
市價法公平、激勵相容需有活躍外部市場中間產品有外部市場
成本加成法簡單、易執行接收方缺乏議價壓力無外部市價
協商法貼近雙方情境耗時、可能不公雙方談判能力相當
雙重計價買賣雙方都滿意總部須補差、帳務複雜策略性扶植內部交易

決策樹

  • 有活躍外部市場?→ 市價法
  • 無外部市場,但成本結構透明?→ 成本加成法(加成率需合理)
  • 成本結構模糊、雙方勢均力敵?→ 協商法 + 總部仲裁機制
  • 內部交易具戰略意義(例如扶植新事業部)?→ 雙重計價

稅務注意:跨國集團轉撥計價須符合 OECD 常規交易原則,台灣依移轉訂價查核準則。

工具四:責任中心會計(Responsibility Accounting)

四種責任中心

類型可控變數評核指標典型單位
成本中心成本預算差異、單位成本廠務、研發
收入中心收入銷售達成率業務團隊
利潤中心收入 − 可控成本部門利潤事業部
投資中心利潤 + 資產使用ROI、RI、EVA子公司

評核指標核心爭議

  • ROI(投資報酬率):簡單但會導致「捨棄整體有利但本部門 ROI 下降」的投資
  • RI(剩餘利益):利潤 − 資金成本 × 投入資產,解決 ROI 次佳化問題
  • EVA:RI 的進階版,調整會計項目使其更接近經濟實質

分析流程(整合四工具)

根據個案性質跳過不適用步驟;以下為完整候選路徑,非必跑清單。

問題診斷(個案中看到什麼?)
    ↓
選擇主工具:
  產品成本扭曲 → ABC
  預實差異大 → 差異分析
  部門間衝突 → 轉撥計價
  評核制度爭議 → 責任中心
    ↓
套用五步法 / 三差異 / 決策樹
    ↓
連回管理議題(決策建議、制度調整)
    ↓
寫入 EMBA 個案報告

Output Format

markdown
# 管理會計分析:{公司/個案名稱}

## 一、問題診斷
- 當前成本系統/績效制度的問題
- 對決策造成的扭曲

## 二、工具選擇與理由
- 選用:{ABC /差異分析 /轉撥計價 /責任中心}
- 不選其他工具的原因

## 三、分析結果
### {工具名稱}
{表格、數字、拆解}

## 四、管理意涵
- 對產品組合/定價/投資決策的影響
- 對組織結構/評核制度的建議

## 五、實施建議
- 短期(3 個月內)
- 中期(6–12 個月)
- 長期(制度性調整)

## 六、限制與進一步分析
- 本分析的假設與邊界
- 建議延伸的其他框架(例如 BSC、EVA)

Examples

正確應用

情境:台灣某電子業 OEM 廠導入 ABC 後,發現「小批量客製訂單」每單位成本比傳統系統高 42%,「標準品大量訂單」低 18%。

分析:

  1. 傳統系統以直接人工小時分攤製造費用 → 未反映「機器設置」、「品檢」、「訂單處理」的實際耗用
  2. 客製訂單每批量小但設置次數頻繁 → ABC 揭露真實成本
  3. 管理意涵:應提高客製訂單報價 30–40%,或建立最小訂量門檻

正確之處:扣回決策(定價調整),不只停留在數字計算。

錯誤應用
  • 計算 ABC 後只報告「產品 A 成本上升 20%」→ 違反 Iron Law 1,沒有扣回決策建議
  • 差異分析只報告「材料成本超支 500 萬」→ 違反 Iron Law 2,未拆解價格/用量差異
  • 用「集團平均資金成本」評核新創事業部 → 違反 Iron Law 3,未反映該部門風險結構

Gotchas

  • ABC 過度設計:作業分類超過 20 項會讓系統維護成本 > 資訊效益。EMBA 個案實作必須 5–8 項作業即可。
  • 標準成本過時:標準未更新時,差異分析會把「標準錯誤」誤判為「執行不力」。每半年至少複核一次。
  • 轉撥計價引發行為扭曲:用成本加成時,供應事業部可能「虛增成本」;用市價時,可能「拒絕內部交易而優先外銷」。搭配 KPI 與獎酬要小心反效果。
  • 責任中心非獨立王國:強調可控性不等於鼓勵本位主義。部門利潤最大化常犧牲集團利益,需搭配 BSC 或策略地圖。
  • ROI 的分母陷阱:資產帳面價值隨折舊下降 → ROI 自然上升,製造「老廠 ROI 漂亮」假象。RI/EVA 可緩解但不能完全解決。
  • 管理會計資料無公信力:因為對內使用、不受查核,經理人常「美化」以影響評核。制度設計須考慮誠信機制(例如交叉稽核、輪調)。

References

  • ABC 理論與演進:Kaplan & Anderson 的 Time-Driven ABC → 見 references/abc-evolution.md
  • 台灣製造業轉撥計價與稅務實務 → 見 references/tw-transfer-pricing.md
  • 授課者偏好(各校 EMBA 個案取向) → 見 references/emba-teaching-preferences.md
  • 補充延伸:EVA 可參考 Stern Stewart 官方文件;BSC 對應 Asgard biz-bsc

© asgard-ai-platform, MIT. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file

Files

SKILL.md and 4 other files (references) in biz-management-accounting of asgard-ai-platform/skills.

  • SKILL.md
  • examples/tsmc-foundry-abc.md
  • references/abc-evolution.md
  • references/emba-teaching-preferences.md
  • references/tw-transfer-pricing.md

Open the folder on GitHubat commit 4e7f4f8

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Questions about Biz Management Accounting

What does Biz Management Accounting do?

Management accounting toolkit for internal decision support: ABC costing, variance analysis, transfer pricing, and responsibility accounting. Biz Management Accounting is an agent skill from asgard-ai-platform/skills. Management accounting toolkit for internal decision support: ABC costing, variance analysis, transfer pricing, and responsibility accounting.

When should I use Biz Management Accounting?

Biz Management Accounting fits situations like: product profitability disputes; budget variance diagnosis; inter-division pricing design; business-unit manager performance evaluation.

How do I install Biz Management Accounting in Claude Code?

Run `npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill biz-management-accounting -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (biz-management-accounting in asgard-ai-platform/skills) into .claude/skills/biz-management-accounting in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.

How do I install Biz Management Accounting in Codex?

Run `npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill biz-management-accounting -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (biz-management-accounting in asgard-ai-platform/skills) into .agents/skills/biz-management-accounting in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.

Can I use Biz Management Accounting in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?

Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill biz-management-accounting -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/biz-management-accounting, .gemini/skills/biz-management-accounting, .github/skills/biz-management-accounting and .opencode/skills/biz-management-accounting in your project.

What does Biz Management Accounting need to run?

SKILL.md names no scripts, command-line tools or credentials: Biz Management Accounting is instructions for the agent only.

Does Biz Management Accounting access the network?

SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.

Is Biz Management Accounting safe to install?

Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. Review the folder before installing.

What licence does Biz Management Accounting use?

Biz Management Accounting is published under the MIT licence (the repository's licence). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.

How many tokens does Biz Management Accounting use?

About 1.3k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 5.1k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full. Its references folder adds about 2.3k tokens, read only when the agent opens those files.

What are the alternatives to Biz Management Accounting?

Skills that share tags, products or a category with Biz Management Accounting: Sync Upstream (nyaruka/phonenumbers, 1.6k stars), Radiology Table (huang-sir1/radiology-skills, 1.9k stars), ERPClaw ERP Controller (avansaber/erpclaw, 116 stars) and Odoo Agency Fleet Review (erpipe-org/mcp-odoo, 421 stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.

Who maintains Biz Management Accounting?

asgard-ai-platform (a GitHub organization) maintains it in asgard-ai-platform/skills, which has 242 GitHub stars. The repository holds 207 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on June 6, 2026.

Source: asgard-ai-platform/skills on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.