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Calculate Altman Z-Score to predict corporate bankruptcy probability from financial ratios.
MITAuto-check passed
Install Algo Risk Altman Z
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill algo-risk-altman-z -a claude-codeProject install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills algo-risk-altman-z --agent claude-codeProject scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/algo-risk-altman-z .claude/skills/algo-risk-altman-z && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.
Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/
Install the "algo-risk-altman-z" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/algo-risk-altman-z into .claude/skills/algo-risk-altman-z/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "algo-risk-altman-z", then confirm the skill loads.Claude Code copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$skill-installer install https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/algo-risk-altman-zType this inside Codex. $skill-installer <name> installs a curated skill from openai/skills. The installer writes to $CODEX_HOME/skills (default ~/.codex/skills). Restart Codex if the skill does not show up.
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill algo-risk-altman-z -a codexProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.codex/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills algo-risk-altman-z --agent codexProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .agents/skills && cp -r skills-src/algo-risk-altman-z .agents/skills/algo-risk-altman-z && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.agents/skills/ instead of .agents/skills for a personal install.
Codex skills documentation · loads skills from .agents/skills/
Install the "algo-risk-altman-z" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/algo-risk-altman-z into .agents/skills/algo-risk-altman-z/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "algo-risk-altman-z", then confirm the skill loads.Codex copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill algo-risk-altman-z -a cursorProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.cursor/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills algo-risk-altman-z --agent cursorProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .cursor/skills && cp -r skills-src/algo-risk-altman-z .cursor/skills/algo-risk-altman-z && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.cursor/skills/ instead of .cursor/skills for a personal install.
Cursor skills documentation · loads skills from .cursor/skills/, .agents/skills/, .claude/skills/, .codex/skills/
Install the "algo-risk-altman-z" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/algo-risk-altman-z into .cursor/skills/algo-risk-altman-z/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "algo-risk-altman-z", then confirm the skill loads.Cursor copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gemini skills install https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git --path algo-risk-altman-z--scope user (default) or --scope workspace; --path is the subfolder of the repo that holds the skill; --consent skips the security confirmation prompt.
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill algo-risk-altman-z -a gemini-cliProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.gemini/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills algo-risk-altman-z --agent gemini-cliProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .gemini/skills && cp -r skills-src/algo-risk-altman-z .gemini/skills/algo-risk-altman-z && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.gemini/skills/ instead of .gemini/skills for a personal install, then run /skills reload.
Gemini CLI skills documentation · loads skills from .gemini/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "algo-risk-altman-z" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/algo-risk-altman-z into .gemini/skills/algo-risk-altman-z/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "algo-risk-altman-z", then confirm the skill loads.Gemini CLI copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills algo-risk-altman-zInstalls for Copilot at project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Preview a skill first with gh skill preview. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill algo-risk-altman-z -a github-copilotProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.copilot/skills/.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .github/skills && cp -r skills-src/algo-risk-altman-z .github/skills/algo-risk-altman-z && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.copilot/skills/ instead of .github/skills for a personal install. Commit .github/skills so cloud agent and code review can use it.
GitHub Copilot skills documentation · loads skills from .github/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "algo-risk-altman-z" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/algo-risk-altman-z into .github/skills/algo-risk-altman-z/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "algo-risk-altman-z", then confirm the skill loads.GitHub Copilot copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill algo-risk-altman-z -a opencodeOpenCode documents no install command of its own. Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.config/opencode/skills/.
$ gh skill install asgard-ai-platform/skills algo-risk-altman-z --agent opencodeProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills.git skills-src && mkdir -p .opencode/skills && cp -r skills-src/algo-risk-altman-z .opencode/skills/algo-risk-altman-z && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.config/opencode/skills/ instead of .opencode/skills for a personal install.
OpenCode skills documentation · loads skills from .opencode/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "algo-risk-altman-z" agent skill from https://github.com/asgard-ai-platform/skills/tree/main/algo-risk-altman-z into .opencode/skills/algo-risk-altman-z/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "algo-risk-altman-z", then confirm the skill loads.OpenCode copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
Facts
- Skill name
algo-risk-altman-z- GitHub stars
- 242
- Token cost
- ~1.5k tokens
- SKILL.md length
- 593 words
- Files
- 4 (incl. scripts, references)
- Skills in repo
- 207
- Repo updated
- First seen
- Licence
- MIT
At a glance
Calculate Altman Z-Score to predict corporate bankruptcy probability from financial ratios.
- Works in 5 steps: Input Validation → 5: Variant Selection (MANDATORY) → Core Algorithm → …
- The user needs to assess a companys financial distress risk
- SKILL.md covers Overview, When to Use, Algorithm and Output Format, plus 4 more sections
- Runs Python scripts from its folder; calls python
What it does
Algo Risk Altman Z is an agent skill from asgard-ai-platform/skills. Calculate Altman Z-Score to predict corporate bankruptcy probability from financial ratios. Use this skill when the user needs to assess a company's financial distress risk, screen for bankruptcy-prone firms, or evaluate credit worthiness — even if they say 'bankruptcy prediction', 'financial distress score', or 'Z-score analysis'.
Its SKILL.md is about 1.5k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. The skill folder holds 6 other files, including scripts and reference files (for example `examples/sample_input.json`, `references/z-score-variants.md` and `scripts/altman_z.py`).
The repository describes itself as: 301 open-source coding agent skills across 22 domains — methodology, judgment & gotchas packaged as Claude Agent Skills for the Asgard AI Platform. The licence is MIT.
When your agent uses it
- The user needs to assess a companys financial distress risk
- Screen for bankruptcy-prone firms
- Evaluate credit worthiness — even if they say bankruptcy prediction
- Financial distress score
Example prompts
- “bankruptcy prediction”
- “financial distress score”
- “Z-score analysis”
- “/algo-risk-altman-z”
Requirements
- Python 3
Workflow steps
5 steps, taken from the step headings in SKILL.md.
What it can do on your machine
Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 4e7f4f8. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.
Tool permissions
Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.
From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.
Runs code
Ships 1 file in scripts/ (Python), which the agent can run.
Shell commands in SKILL.md call:
python
From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.
Network
No URLs in SKILL.md.
From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.
Credentials
Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.
From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.
Context cost
Algo Risk Altman Z loads about 1.5k tokens when it runs, and up to ~2.4k if it reads all its reference files. Until then it costs about 88 tokens; SKILL.md has 593 words of instructions outside code blocks.
Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.
Safety
Auto-check passed
The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.
Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); the scripts in this folder are not scanned.
SKILL.md
The full file from asgard-ai-platform/skills at commit 4e7f4f8, republished under its MIT licence (© asgard-ai-platform). 593 words, ~1,484 tokens.
Download SKILL.mdSave it as
.claude/skills/algo-risk-altman-z/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder). This skill also uses 3 other files; get the full folder from GitHub.- name
- algo-risk-altman-z
- description
- Calculate Altman Z-Score to predict corporate bankruptcy probability from financial ratios. Use this skill when the user needs to assess a company's financial distress risk, screen for bankruptcy-prone firms, or evaluate credit worthiness — even if they say 'bankruptcy prediction', 'financial distress score', or 'Z-score analysis'.
- metadata.category
- WP-40 風險演算法
- metadata.tags
- risk, altman-z-score, bankruptcy, financial-analysis
Altman Z-Score
Overview
Altman Z-Score is a linear discriminant model predicting bankruptcy probability from five financial ratios. Z = 1.2X₁ + 1.4X₂ + 3.3X₃ + 0.6X₄ + 1.0X₅. Zones: Z > 2.99 (safe), 1.81-2.99 (grey), Z < 1.81 (distress). Originally for public manufacturing firms; variants exist for private and non-manufacturing.
When to Use
Trigger conditions:
- Screening companies for bankruptcy risk
- Quick credit assessment using publicly available financials
- Monitoring portfolio companies for financial distress signals
When NOT to use:
- For financial institutions (banks, insurers) — different capital structures
- When detailed credit scoring is needed (use logistic regression credit models)
Algorithm
IRON LAW: Z-Score Was Calibrated for PUBLIC MANUFACTURING Firms
Applying the original formula to private firms, service companies, or
emerging markets WITHOUT using the appropriate variant produces
misleading results. Use Z'-Score for private firms, Z''-Score for
non-manufacturing and emerging markets.Phase 1: Input Validation
Extract from financial statements: working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market cap (or book equity for private), total assets, total liabilities, sales. Gate: All five inputs available, from same reporting period.
Phase 1.5: Variant Selection (MANDATORY)
Before touching any formula, pick the right variant — this is the single most common mistake when applying Altman Z.
| Firm description | Variant | Script flag |
|---|---|---|
| Public manufacturing firm | Original Z | --variant original |
| Private manufacturing firm (no market cap) | Z' | --variant private |
| Non-manufacturing — SaaS, services, retail, tech, finance-light | Z'' | --variant non_manufacturing |
| Emerging-market firm of any kind | Z'' | --variant non_manufacturing |
If the user description contains any of these tags: "SaaS", "cloud", "software", "services", "retail", "e-commerce", "platform", "tech", "emerging market", "BRICS", "non-manufacturing" → use Z''. Do not default to the original Z just because that's the "classic" formula.
Full formulas and zone thresholds for each variant live in
references/z-score-variants.md. Coefficients,
X₄ definition (market cap vs book equity), and the X₅ treatment all differ between
variants — they are not small tweaks to the original.
Phase 2: Core Algorithm
- X₁ = Working Capital / Total Assets (liquidity)
- X₂ = Retained Earnings / Total Assets (cumulative profitability)
- X₃ = EBIT / Total Assets (operating efficiency)
- X₄ = Market Value of Equity / Total Liabilities (leverage)
- X₅ = Sales / Total Assets (asset turnover)
- Z = 1.2X₁ + 1.4X₂ + 3.3X₃ + 0.6X₄ + 1.0X₅
Phase 3: Verification
Check: all ratios in plausible ranges. Compare Z-score against industry peers and historical trend. Gate: Z-score computed, zone classification assigned.
Phase 4: Output
Return Z-score with component breakdown and zone classification.
Output Format
{
"z_score": 2.45,
"zone": "grey",
"components": {"X1": 0.12, "X2": 0.25, "X3": 0.08, "X4": 1.5, "X5": 0.9},
"metadata": {"model": "original", "company": "...", "period": "2024-Q4"}
}Examples
Sample I/O
Input: WC=200M, RE=500M, EBIT=150M, MktCap=2B, TL=1B, TA=3B, Sales=2.5B Expected: X1=0.067, X2=0.167, X3=0.05, X4=2.0, X5=0.833. Z=1.2(0.067)+1.4(0.167)+3.3(0.05)+0.6(2.0)+1.0(0.833)=2.53 → Grey zone.
Show full SKILL.md (230 more words)Show less
Edge Cases
| Input | Expected | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Negative retained earnings | Low X₂, likely distress | Accumulated losses are a strong distress signal |
| Startup with no revenue | X₅ near zero | Z-score not designed for pre-revenue companies |
| Asset-light tech firm | Misleading X₅ | High revenue/low assets inflates turnover |
Gotchas
- Model age: Calibrated in 1968 on 1946-1965 data. Business models, accounting standards, and capital structures have changed. Use as one signal, not sole determinant.
- Accounting manipulation: Z-score uses reported financials. Creative accounting (off-balance-sheet debt, revenue recognition games) can mask distress.
- Industry differences: Capital-intensive industries naturally have lower asset turnover (X₅). Compare within industry, not across.
- Trend matters more than level: A company moving from Z=3.5 to Z=2.1 over two years is concerning even though 2.1 is still in the grey zone.
- Private firm variant (Z'): replaces X₄ with Book Equity / Total Liabilities and re-weights:
Z' = 0.717X₁ + 0.847X₂ + 3.107X₃ + 0.420X₄ + 0.998X₅. Zone thresholds shift to 2.9 / 1.23. - Non-manufacturing variant (Z''): drops X₅ entirely and re-estimates the rest:
Z'' = 6.56X₁ + 3.26X₂ + 6.72X₃ + 1.05X₄. Zone thresholds shift to 2.6 / 1.1. Using original Z on a SaaS / services firm inflates the score via X₅ and can mis-zone a distressed firm as safe.
Scripts
| Script | Description | Usage |
|---|---|---|
scripts/altman_z.py | Compute Altman Z-Score and classify zone | python scripts/altman_z.py --help |
Run python scripts/altman_z.py --verify to execute built-in sanity tests.
References
references/z-score-variants.md— Z / Z' / Z'' full formulas, zone thresholds, variant-selection rules, and a worked tech-firm example.
© asgard-ai-platform, MIT. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file
Files
SKILL.md and 3 other files (scripts, references) in algo-risk-altman-z of asgard-ai-platform/skills.
- SKILL.md
- examples/sample_input.json
- references/z-score-variants.md
- scripts/altman_z.py
Open the folder on GitHubat commit 4e7f4f8
Compare with similar skills
Algo Risk Altman Z next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.
| Skill | Stars | Used in | Tokens | Auto-check | Licence | Repo updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algo Risk Altman Z this skillasgard-ai-platform/skills | 242 | — | ~1.5k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Apdex Score Calculatorjeremylongshore/tons-of-skills-marketplace | 2.8k | — | ~578 | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Claw Scoreopenclaw/openclaw | 392k | — | ~2.5k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Prediction Market Oracle Researchaffaan-m/ECC | 277k | 1 repos | ~577 | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Footballbin Predictionsdavila7/claude-code-templates | 33k | — | ~634 | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Blind Prediction LogXBuilderLAB/cheat-on-content | 7.2k | — | ~4k | Automated safety check: Notes | MIT |
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Questions about Algo Risk Altman Z
What does Algo Risk Altman Z do?
Calculate Altman Z-Score to predict corporate bankruptcy probability from financial ratios. Algo Risk Altman Z is an agent skill from asgard-ai-platform/skills. Calculate Altman Z-Score to predict corporate bankruptcy probability from financial ratios.
When should I use Algo Risk Altman Z?
Algo Risk Altman Z fits situations like: the user needs to assess a companys financial distress risk; screen for bankruptcy-prone firms; evaluate credit worthiness — even if they say bankruptcy prediction; financial distress score.
How do I install Algo Risk Altman Z in Claude Code?
Run `npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill algo-risk-altman-z -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (algo-risk-altman-z in asgard-ai-platform/skills) into .claude/skills/algo-risk-altman-z in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.
How do I install Algo Risk Altman Z in Codex?
Run `npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill algo-risk-altman-z -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (algo-risk-altman-z in asgard-ai-platform/skills) into .agents/skills/algo-risk-altman-z in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.
Can I use Algo Risk Altman Z in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?
Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add asgard-ai-platform/skills --skill algo-risk-altman-z -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/algo-risk-altman-z, .gemini/skills/algo-risk-altman-z, .github/skills/algo-risk-altman-z and .opencode/skills/algo-risk-altman-z in your project.
What does Algo Risk Altman Z need to run?
Going by SKILL.md and its folder, Algo Risk Altman Z needs Python for the scripts in its folder and the command-line tools its instructions call (python). Our summary lists: Python 3.
Does Algo Risk Altman Z access the network?
SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.
Is Algo Risk Altman Z safe to install?
Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. The check reads SKILL.md only: the scripts in the folder are not scanned, so read them before running anything.
What licence does Algo Risk Altman Z use?
Algo Risk Altman Z is published under the MIT licence (the repository's licence). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.
How many tokens does Algo Risk Altman Z use?
About 1.5k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 5.9k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full. Its references folder adds about 943 tokens, read only when the agent opens those files.
What are the alternatives to Algo Risk Altman Z?
Skills that share tags, products or a category with Algo Risk Altman Z: Apdex Score Calculator (jeremylongshore/tons-of-skills-marketplace, 2.8k stars), Claw Score (openclaw/openclaw, 392k stars), Prediction Market Oracle Research (affaan-m/ECC, 277k stars) and Footballbin Predictions (davila7/claude-code-templates, 33k stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.
Who maintains Algo Risk Altman Z?
asgard-ai-platform (a GitHub organization) maintains it in asgard-ai-platform/skills, which has 242 GitHub stars. The repository holds 207 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on June 6, 2026.
Source: asgard-ai-platform/skills on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.