Coding Standards
kurealnum/dotfiles
Universal coding standards, best practices, and patterns for TypeScript, JavaScript, React, and Node.js development.
Convenciones de codificación base entre proyectos para nomenclatura, legibilidad, inmutabilidad y revisión de calidad de código.
$ npx skills add affaan-m/ECC --skill coding-standards -a claude-codeProject install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.
$ gh skill install affaan-m/ECC coding-standards --agent claude-codeProject scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/docs/es/skills/coding-standards .claude/skills/coding-standards && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.
Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/
Install the "coding-standards" agent skill from https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/tree/main/docs/es/skills/coding-standards into .claude/skills/coding-standards/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "coding-standards", then confirm the skill loads.Claude Code copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$skill-installer install https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/tree/main/docs/es/skills/coding-standardsType this inside Codex. $skill-installer <name> installs a curated skill from openai/skills. The installer writes to $CODEX_HOME/skills (default ~/.codex/skills). Restart Codex if the skill does not show up.
$ npx skills add affaan-m/ECC --skill coding-standards -a codexProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.codex/skills/.
$ gh skill install affaan-m/ECC coding-standards --agent codexProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC.git skills-src && mkdir -p .agents/skills && cp -r skills-src/docs/es/skills/coding-standards .agents/skills/coding-standards && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.agents/skills/ instead of .agents/skills for a personal install.
Codex skills documentation · loads skills from .agents/skills/
Install the "coding-standards" agent skill from https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/tree/main/docs/es/skills/coding-standards into .agents/skills/coding-standards/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "coding-standards", then confirm the skill loads.Codex copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add affaan-m/ECC --skill coding-standards -a cursorProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.cursor/skills/.
$ gh skill install affaan-m/ECC coding-standards --agent cursorProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC.git skills-src && mkdir -p .cursor/skills && cp -r skills-src/docs/es/skills/coding-standards .cursor/skills/coding-standards && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.cursor/skills/ instead of .cursor/skills for a personal install.
Cursor skills documentation · loads skills from .cursor/skills/, .agents/skills/, .claude/skills/, .codex/skills/
Install the "coding-standards" agent skill from https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/tree/main/docs/es/skills/coding-standards into .cursor/skills/coding-standards/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "coding-standards", then confirm the skill loads.Cursor copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gemini skills install https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC.git --path docs/es/skills/coding-standards--scope user (default) or --scope workspace; --path is the subfolder of the repo that holds the skill; --consent skips the security confirmation prompt.
$ npx skills add affaan-m/ECC --skill coding-standards -a gemini-cliProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.gemini/skills/.
$ gh skill install affaan-m/ECC coding-standards --agent gemini-cliProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC.git skills-src && mkdir -p .gemini/skills && cp -r skills-src/docs/es/skills/coding-standards .gemini/skills/coding-standards && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.gemini/skills/ instead of .gemini/skills for a personal install, then run /skills reload.
Gemini CLI skills documentation · loads skills from .gemini/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "coding-standards" agent skill from https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/tree/main/docs/es/skills/coding-standards into .gemini/skills/coding-standards/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "coding-standards", then confirm the skill loads.Gemini CLI copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ gh skill install affaan-m/ECC coding-standardsInstalls for Copilot at project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Preview a skill first with gh skill preview. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).
$ npx skills add affaan-m/ECC --skill coding-standards -a github-copilotProject install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.copilot/skills/.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC.git skills-src && mkdir -p .github/skills && cp -r skills-src/docs/es/skills/coding-standards .github/skills/coding-standards && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.copilot/skills/ instead of .github/skills for a personal install. Commit .github/skills so cloud agent and code review can use it.
GitHub Copilot skills documentation · loads skills from .github/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "coding-standards" agent skill from https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/tree/main/docs/es/skills/coding-standards into .github/skills/coding-standards/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "coding-standards", then confirm the skill loads.GitHub Copilot copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
$ npx skills add affaan-m/ECC --skill coding-standards -a opencodeOpenCode documents no install command of its own. Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.config/opencode/skills/.
$ gh skill install affaan-m/ECC coding-standards --agent opencodeProject scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC.git skills-src && mkdir -p .opencode/skills && cp -r skills-src/docs/es/skills/coding-standards .opencode/skills/coding-standards && rm -rf skills-srcUse ~/.config/opencode/skills/ instead of .opencode/skills for a personal install.
OpenCode skills documentation · loads skills from .opencode/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/
Install the "coding-standards" agent skill from https://github.com/affaan-m/ECC/tree/main/docs/es/skills/coding-standards into .opencode/skills/coding-standards/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "coding-standards", then confirm the skill loads.OpenCode copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.
coding-standardsConvenciones de codificación base entre proyectos para nomenclatura, legibilidad, inmutabilidad y revisión de calidad de código.
Coding Standards is an agent skill from affaan-m/ECC. Convenciones de codificación base entre proyectos para nomenclatura, legibilidad, inmutabilidad y revisión de calidad de código. Usar skills de frontend o backend para patrones específicos de frameworks.
Its SKILL.md is about 3.4k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. It is a single SKILL.md file with no bundled scripts.
It sits in Development, covering Code quality. It works with React. The repository describes itself as: The agent harness performance optimization system. Skills, instincts, memory, security, and research-first development for Claude Code, Codex, Opencode, Cursor and beyond. The licence is MIT.
7 steps, taken from the step headings in SKILL.md.
Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit ef648e0. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.
Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.
From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.
No scripts in the folder and no shell commands in SKILL.md (its code samples are typescript).
From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.
No URLs in SKILL.md.
From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.
Names no API keys, tokens, secrets or passwords.
From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.
Coding Standards loads about 3.4k tokens when it runs. Until then it costs about 55 tokens; SKILL.md has 422 words of instructions outside code blocks.
Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.
The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.
Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); files beside SKILL.md are not scanned.
The full file from affaan-m/ECC at commit ef648e0, republished under its MIT licence (© affaan-m). 422 words, ~3,361 tokens.
.claude/skills/coding-standards/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder).Convenciones de codificación base aplicables en todos los proyectos.
Este skill es el suelo compartido, no el manual detallado de frameworks.
frontend-patterns para React, estado, formularios, renderizado y arquitectura UI.backend-patterns o api-design para capas de repositorio/servicio, diseño de endpoints, validación y aspectos específicos del servidor.rules/common/coding-style.md cuando necesites la capa de reglas reutilizables más corta en lugar de un recorrido completo del skill.Activar este skill para:
No usar este skill como fuente principal para:
// PASS: BIEN: Nombres descriptivos
const marketSearchQuery = 'election'
const isUserAuthenticated = true
const totalRevenue = 1000
// FAIL: MAL: Nombres poco claros
const q = 'election'
const flag = true
const x = 1000// PASS: BIEN: Patrón verbo-sustantivo
async function fetchMarketData(marketId: string) { }
function calculateSimilarity(a: number[], b: number[]) { }
function isValidEmail(email: string): boolean { }
// FAIL: MAL: Poco claro o solo sustantivo
async function market(id: string) { }
function similarity(a, b) { }
function email(e) { }// PASS: SIEMPRE usar el operador spread
const updatedUser = {
...user,
name: 'New Name'
}
const updatedArray = [...items, newItem]
// FAIL: NUNCA mutar directamente
user.name = 'New Name' // MAL
items.push(newItem) // MAL// PASS: BIEN: Manejo de errores comprensivo
async function fetchData(url: string) {
try {
const response = await fetch(url)
if (!response.ok) {
throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}: ${response.statusText}`)
}
return await response.json()
} catch (error) {
console.error('Fetch failed:', error)
throw new Error('Failed to fetch data')
}
}
// FAIL: MAL: Sin manejo de errores
async function fetchData(url) {
const response = await fetch(url)
return response.json()
}// PASS: BIEN: Ejecución paralela cuando sea posible
const [users, markets, stats] = await Promise.all([
fetchUsers(),
fetchMarkets(),
fetchStats()
])
// FAIL: MAL: Secuencial cuando no es necesario
const users = await fetchUsers()
const markets = await fetchMarkets()
const stats = await fetchStats()// PASS: BIEN: Tipos apropiados
interface Market {
id: string
name: string
status: 'active' | 'resolved' | 'closed'
created_at: Date
}
function getMarket(id: string): Promise<Market> {
// Implementación
}
// FAIL: MAL: Usar 'any'
function getMarket(id: any): Promise<any> {
// Implementación
}// PASS: BIEN: Componente funcional con tipos
interface ButtonProps {
children: React.ReactNode
onClick: () => void
disabled?: boolean
variant?: 'primary' | 'secondary'
}
export function Button({
children,
onClick,
disabled = false,
variant = 'primary'
}: ButtonProps) {
return (
<button
onClick={onClick}
disabled={disabled}
className={`btn btn-${variant}`}
>
{children}
</button>
)
}
// FAIL: MAL: Sin tipos, estructura poco clara
export function Button(props) {
return <button onClick={props.onClick}>{props.children}</button>
}// PASS: BIEN: Custom hook reutilizable
export function useDebounce<T>(value: T, delay: number): T {
const [debouncedValue, setDebouncedValue] = useState<T>(value)
useEffect(() => {
const handler = setTimeout(() => {
setDebouncedValue(value)
}, delay)
return () => clearTimeout(handler)
}, [value, delay])
return debouncedValue
}
// Uso
const debouncedQuery = useDebounce(searchQuery, 500)// PASS: BIEN: Actualizaciones de estado correctas
const [count, setCount] = useState(0)
// Actualización funcional para estado basado en el estado previo
setCount(prev => prev + 1)
// FAIL: MAL: Referencia de estado directa
setCount(count + 1) // Puede estar obsoleta en escenarios async// PASS: BIEN: Renderizado condicional claro
{isLoading && <Spinner />}
{error && <ErrorMessage error={error} />}
{data && <DataDisplay data={data} />}
// FAIL: MAL: Infierno de ternarios
{isLoading ? <Spinner /> : error ? <ErrorMessage error={error} /> : data ? <DataDisplay data={data} /> : null}GET /api/markets # Listar todos los markets
GET /api/markets/:id # Obtener market específico
POST /api/markets # Crear nuevo market
PUT /api/markets/:id # Actualizar market (completo)
PATCH /api/markets/:id # Actualizar market (parcial)
DELETE /api/markets/:id # Eliminar market
# Parámetros de consulta para filtrado
GET /api/markets?status=active&limit=10&offset=0// PASS: BIEN: Estructura de respuesta consistente
interface ApiResponse<T> {
success: boolean
data?: T
error?: string
meta?: {
total: number
page: number
limit: number
}
}
// Respuesta exitosa
return NextResponse.json({
success: true,
data: markets,
meta: { total: 100, page: 1, limit: 10 }
})
// Respuesta de error
return NextResponse.json({
success: false,
error: 'Invalid request'
}, { status: 400 })import { z } from 'zod'
// PASS: BIEN: Validación con esquema
const CreateMarketSchema = z.object({
name: z.string().min(1).max(200),
description: z.string().min(1).max(2000),
endDate: z.string().datetime(),
categories: z.array(z.string()).min(1)
})
export async function POST(request: Request) {
const body = await request.json()
try {
const validated = CreateMarketSchema.parse(body)
// Proceder con datos validados
} catch (error) {
if (error instanceof z.ZodError) {
return NextResponse.json({
success: false,
error: 'Validation failed',
details: error.errors
}, { status: 400 })
}
}
}src/
├── app/ # Next.js App Router
│ ├── api/ # Rutas API
│ ├── markets/ # Páginas de markets
│ └── (auth)/ # Páginas de auth (grupos de rutas)
├── components/ # Componentes React
│ ├── ui/ # Componentes UI genéricos
│ ├── forms/ # Componentes de formulario
│ └── layouts/ # Componentes de layout
├── hooks/ # Custom React hooks
├── lib/ # Utilidades y configuraciones
│ ├── api/ # Clientes API
│ ├── utils/ # Funciones auxiliares
│ └── constants/ # Constantes
├── types/ # Tipos TypeScript
└── styles/ # Estilos globalescomponents/Button.tsx # PascalCase para componentes
hooks/useAuth.ts # camelCase con prefijo 'use'
lib/formatDate.ts # camelCase para utilidades
types/market.types.ts # camelCase con sufijo .types// PASS: BIEN: Explicar el POR QUÉ, no el QUÉ
// Usar backoff exponencial para evitar sobrecargar la API durante interrupciones
const delay = Math.min(1000 * Math.pow(2, retryCount), 30000)
// Usando mutación deliberadamente aquí por rendimiento con arrays grandes
items.push(newItem)
// FAIL: MAL: Declarar lo obvio
// Incrementar contador en 1
count++
// Establecer nombre al nombre del usuario
name = user.name/**
* Busca markets usando similitud semántica.
*
* @param query - Consulta de búsqueda en lenguaje natural
* @param limit - Número máximo de resultados (por defecto: 10)
* @returns Array de markets ordenados por puntuación de similitud
* @throws {Error} Si la API de OpenAI falla o Redis no está disponible
*
* @example
* ```typescript
* const results = await searchMarkets('election', 5)
* console.log(results[0].name) // "Trump vs Biden"
* ```
*/
export async function searchMarkets(
query: string,
limit: number = 10
): Promise<Market[]> {
// Implementación
}import { useMemo, useCallback } from 'react'
// PASS: BIEN: Memoizar cómputos costosos
const sortedMarkets = useMemo(() => {
return markets.sort((a, b) => b.volume - a.volume)
}, [markets])
// PASS: BIEN: Memoizar callbacks
const handleSearch = useCallback((query: string) => {
setSearchQuery(query)
}, [])import { lazy, Suspense } from 'react'
// PASS: BIEN: Cargar componentes pesados de forma diferida
const HeavyChart = lazy(() => import('./HeavyChart'))
export function Dashboard() {
return (
<Suspense fallback={<Spinner />}>
<HeavyChart />
</Suspense>
)
}// PASS: BIEN: Seleccionar solo las columnas necesarias
const { data } = await supabase
.from('markets')
.select('id, name, status')
.limit(10)
// FAIL: MAL: Seleccionar todo
const { data } = await supabase
.from('markets')
.select('*')test('calculates similarity correctly', () => {
// Arrange (Preparar)
const vector1 = [1, 0, 0]
const vector2 = [0, 1, 0]
// Act (Actuar)
const similarity = calculateCosineSimilarity(vector1, vector2)
// Assert (Verificar)
expect(similarity).toBe(0)
})// PASS: BIEN: Nombres de prueba descriptivos
test('returns empty array when no markets match query', () => { })
test('throws error when OpenAI API key is missing', () => { })
test('falls back to substring search when Redis unavailable', () => { })
// FAIL: MAL: Nombres de prueba vagos
test('works', () => { })
test('test search', () => { })Vigilar estos anti-patrones:
// FAIL: MAL: Función > 50 líneas
function processMarketData() {
// 100 líneas de código
}
// PASS: BIEN: Dividir en funciones más pequeñas
function processMarketData() {
const validated = validateData()
const transformed = transformData(validated)
return saveData(transformed)
}// FAIL: MAL: 5+ niveles de anidamiento
if (user) {
if (user.isAdmin) {
if (market) {
if (market.isActive) {
if (hasPermission) {
// Hacer algo
}
}
}
}
}
// PASS: BIEN: Retornos tempranos
if (!user) return
if (!user.isAdmin) return
if (!market) return
if (!market.isActive) return
if (!hasPermission) return
// Hacer algo// FAIL: MAL: Números sin explicación
if (retryCount > 3) { }
setTimeout(callback, 500)
// PASS: BIEN: Constantes con nombre
const MAX_RETRIES = 3
const DEBOUNCE_DELAY_MS = 500
if (retryCount > MAX_RETRIES) { }
setTimeout(callback, DEBOUNCE_DELAY_MS)Recuerda: La calidad del código no es negociable. El código claro y mantenible permite el desarrollo rápido y la refactorización confiada.
© affaan-m, MIT. Rendered from Markdown: HTML in the file is shown as text, images as links, and headings moved down two levels. Raw file
Just SKILL.md in docs/es/skills/coding-standards of affaan-m/ECC.
Open the folder on GitHubat commit ef648e0
Coding Standards next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.
| Skill | Stars | Used in | Tokens | Auto-check | Licence | Repo updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coding Standards this skillaffaan-m/ECC | 274k | — | ~3.4k | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Coding Standardskurealnum/dotfiles | 290 | 17 repos | ~2.9k | Automated safety check: Pass | None | |
| Code Review SkillRain-kl/OpenFlare | 288 | — | ~2.3k | Automated safety check: Notes | MIT | |
| Qovery Console StandardsQovery/console | 227 | — | ~924 | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Clean Code Refactorerfike/fastapi-blog | 101 | — | ~402 | Automated safety check: Pass | MIT | |
| Code Review Excellenceandrew-yangy/gru-ai | 155 | — | ~1.7k | Automated safety check: Notes | MIT |
kurealnum/dotfiles
Universal coding standards, best practices, and patterns for TypeScript, JavaScript, React, and Node.js development.
Rain-kl/OpenFlare
Provides comprehensive code review guidance for React 19, Vue 3, Angular 17+, Svelte 5, Rust, TypeScript, Java, PHP, Python, Django, Go, C/.NET, Kotlin, Swift, NestJS, C/C++, and more.
Qovery/console
Qovery Console coding standards, architecture guidelines, naming conventions, testing practices, and development workflows.
fike/fastapi-blog
Skill for identifying code smells and refactoring code using Clean Code, SOLID, and DRY principles.
andrew-yangy/gru-ai
Provides comprehensive code review guidance for React 19, Vue 3, Rust, TypeScript, Java, Python, and C/C++.
davila7/claude-code-templates
Comprehensive fullstack development skill for building complete web applications with React, Next.js, Node.js, GraphQL, and PostgreSQL.
affaan-m/ECC
Audits your installed Claude skills and commands for quality, with a quick mode for recently changed skills and a full mode that evaluates all of them through subagents.
affaan-m/ECC
Ingest, index, search, edit, and monitor video and audio with the VideoDB Python SDK — upload from files, URLs, or RTSP feeds, build spoken and scene indexes with timestamped search and playable…
affaan-m/ECC
Scans installed skills for principles that recur across them and proposes rule-file changes: append, revise, add a section, create a file or leave as covered.
affaan-m/ECC
Builds DRAFT counterparty agreements from one markdown template and a small JSON spec per party, with clauses picked by the party's role.
affaan-m/ECC
Measures whether agents actually follow a skill, rule or agent definition by generating scenarios at three strictness levels and scoring tool-call traces.
affaan-m/ECC
Instinct-based learning system that observes sessions via hooks, creates atomic instincts with confidence scoring, and evolves them into skills/commands/agents.
Works with
Categories
Convenciones de codificación base entre proyectos para nomenclatura, legibilidad, inmutabilidad y revisión de calidad de código. Coding Standards is an agent skill from affaan-m/ECC. Convenciones de codificación base entre proyectos para nomenclatura, legibilidad, inmutabilidad y revisión de calidad de código.
Coding Standards fits situations like: tasks that involve Code quality.
Run `npx skills add affaan-m/ECC --skill coding-standards -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (docs/es/skills/coding-standards in affaan-m/ECC) into .claude/skills/coding-standards in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.
Run `npx skills add affaan-m/ECC --skill coding-standards -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (docs/es/skills/coding-standards in affaan-m/ECC) into .agents/skills/coding-standards in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.
Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add affaan-m/ECC --skill coding-standards -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/coding-standards, .gemini/skills/coding-standards, .github/skills/coding-standards and .opencode/skills/coding-standards in your project.
SKILL.md names no scripts, command-line tools or credentials: Coding Standards is instructions for the agent only.
SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.
Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. Review the folder before installing.
Coding Standards is published under the MIT licence (the repository's licence). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.
About 3.4k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 13k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full.
Skills that share tags, products or a category with Coding Standards: Coding Standards (kurealnum/dotfiles, 290 stars), Code Review Skill (Rain-kl/OpenFlare, 288 stars), Qovery Console Standards (Qovery/console, 227 stars) and Clean Code Refactorer (fike/fastapi-blog, 101 stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.
affaan-m (a GitHub user) maintains it in affaan-m/ECC, which has 274,360 GitHub stars. The repository holds 657 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on October 5, 2026.
Source: affaan-m/ECC on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.