Agent skill

Masm Padding

Enforce stack padding conventions for Miden Assembly (.masm) procedures based on invocation type (call vs exec).

MITAuto-check passedDevelopment

Install Masm Padding

skills CLI

$ npx skills add 0xMiden/protocol --skill masm-padding -a claude-code

Project install by default; add -g for ~/.claude/skills/.

GitHub CLI

$ gh skill install 0xMiden/protocol masm-padding --agent claude-code

Project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).

Manual copy

$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol.git skills-src && mkdir -p .claude/skills && cp -r skills-src/.claude/skills/masm-padding .claude/skills/masm-padding && rm -rf skills-src

Use ~/.claude/skills/ instead of .claude/skills for a personal install. The folder must contain SKILL.md.

Claude Code skills documentation · loads skills from .claude/skills/

Paste into Claude Code

Install the "masm-padding" agent skill from https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol/tree/next/.claude/skills/masm-padding into .claude/skills/masm-padding/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "masm-padding", then confirm the skill loads.

Claude Code copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.

$skill-installer

$skill-installer install https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol/tree/next/.claude/skills/masm-padding

Type this inside Codex. $skill-installer <name> installs a curated skill from openai/skills. The installer writes to $CODEX_HOME/skills (default ~/.codex/skills). Restart Codex if the skill does not show up.

skills CLI

$ npx skills add 0xMiden/protocol --skill masm-padding -a codex

Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.codex/skills/.

GitHub CLI

$ gh skill install 0xMiden/protocol masm-padding --agent codex

Project scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.

Manual copy

$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol.git skills-src && mkdir -p .agents/skills && cp -r skills-src/.claude/skills/masm-padding .agents/skills/masm-padding && rm -rf skills-src

Use ~/.agents/skills/ instead of .agents/skills for a personal install.

Codex skills documentation · loads skills from .agents/skills/

Paste into Codex

Install the "masm-padding" agent skill from https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol/tree/next/.claude/skills/masm-padding into .agents/skills/masm-padding/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "masm-padding", then confirm the skill loads.

Codex copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.

skills CLI

$ npx skills add 0xMiden/protocol --skill masm-padding -a cursor

Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.cursor/skills/.

GitHub CLI

$ gh skill install 0xMiden/protocol masm-padding --agent cursor

Project scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.

Manual copy

$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol.git skills-src && mkdir -p .cursor/skills && cp -r skills-src/.claude/skills/masm-padding .cursor/skills/masm-padding && rm -rf skills-src

Use ~/.cursor/skills/ instead of .cursor/skills for a personal install.

Cursor skills documentation · loads skills from .cursor/skills/, .agents/skills/, .claude/skills/, .codex/skills/

Paste into Cursor

Install the "masm-padding" agent skill from https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol/tree/next/.claude/skills/masm-padding into .cursor/skills/masm-padding/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "masm-padding", then confirm the skill loads.

Cursor copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.

gemini skills install

$ gemini skills install https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol.git --path .claude/skills/masm-padding

--scope user (default) or --scope workspace; --path is the subfolder of the repo that holds the skill; --consent skips the security confirmation prompt.

skills CLI

$ npx skills add 0xMiden/protocol --skill masm-padding -a gemini-cli

Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.gemini/skills/.

GitHub CLI

$ gh skill install 0xMiden/protocol masm-padding --agent gemini-cli

Project scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.

Manual copy

$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol.git skills-src && mkdir -p .gemini/skills && cp -r skills-src/.claude/skills/masm-padding .gemini/skills/masm-padding && rm -rf skills-src

Use ~/.gemini/skills/ instead of .gemini/skills for a personal install, then run /skills reload.

Gemini CLI skills documentation · loads skills from .gemini/skills/, .agents/skills/

Paste into Gemini CLI

Install the "masm-padding" agent skill from https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol/tree/next/.claude/skills/masm-padding into .gemini/skills/masm-padding/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "masm-padding", then confirm the skill loads.

Gemini CLI copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.

GitHub CLI

$ gh skill install 0xMiden/protocol masm-padding

Installs for Copilot at project scope by default; add --scope user for a personal install. Preview a skill first with gh skill preview. Needs GitHub CLI 2.90.0 or later (public preview).

skills CLI

$ npx skills add 0xMiden/protocol --skill masm-padding -a github-copilot

Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.copilot/skills/.

Manual copy

$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol.git skills-src && mkdir -p .github/skills && cp -r skills-src/.claude/skills/masm-padding .github/skills/masm-padding && rm -rf skills-src

Use ~/.copilot/skills/ instead of .github/skills for a personal install. Commit .github/skills so cloud agent and code review can use it.

GitHub Copilot skills documentation · loads skills from .github/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/

Paste into GitHub Copilot

Install the "masm-padding" agent skill from https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol/tree/next/.claude/skills/masm-padding into .github/skills/masm-padding/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "masm-padding", then confirm the skill loads.

GitHub Copilot copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.

skills CLI

$ npx skills add 0xMiden/protocol --skill masm-padding -a opencode

OpenCode documents no install command of its own. Project install goes to .agents/skills/; add -g for ~/.config/opencode/skills/.

GitHub CLI

$ gh skill install 0xMiden/protocol masm-padding --agent opencode

Project scope by default (.agents/skills/); add --scope user for a personal install.

Manual copy

$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol.git skills-src && mkdir -p .opencode/skills && cp -r skills-src/.claude/skills/masm-padding .opencode/skills/masm-padding && rm -rf skills-src

Use ~/.config/opencode/skills/ instead of .opencode/skills for a personal install.

OpenCode skills documentation · loads skills from .opencode/skills/, .claude/skills/, .agents/skills/

Paste into OpenCode

Install the "masm-padding" agent skill from https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol/tree/next/.claude/skills/masm-padding into .opencode/skills/masm-padding/ in this project. Copy the whole folder (SKILL.md and every file beside it), keep the folder name "masm-padding", then confirm the skill loads.

OpenCode copies the folder itself, the same result as the manual copy. Check what it changed before you commit it.

Facts

Skill name: masm-padding
GitHub stars: 133
Token cost: ~1.2k tokens
SKILL.md length: 484 words
Files: 1
Skills in repo: 35
Repo updated: Oct 7, 2026
First seen: Oct 7, 2026
Licence: MIT

At a glance

Enforce stack padding conventions for Miden Assembly (.masm) procedures based on invocation type (call vs exec).

Works in 2 steps: Doc comments (#!) for Inputs/Outputs → Inline comments (#) showing stack state
Creating .masm procedures
SKILL.md covers Overview, Stack Depth Floor: 16, Call Procedures and Exec Procedures, plus 3 more sections
Needs PUB_KEY

What it does

Masm Padding is an agent skill from 0xMiden/protocol. Enforce stack padding conventions for Miden Assembly (.masm) procedures based on invocation type (call vs exec). Use when editing, reviewing, or creating .masm procedures, especially those with Invocation annotations.

Its SKILL.md is about 1.2k tokens, which your agent loads only when the skill is triggered. It is a single SKILL.md file with no bundled scripts.

It sits in Development, covering Technical documentation. The repository describes itself as: Core components of the Miden protocol. The licence is MIT.

When your agent uses it

Creating .masm procedures
Especially those with Invocation annotations

Example prompts

“/masm-padding”

Requirements

A credential in PUB_KEY

Workflow steps

2 steps, taken from the first numbered list in SKILL.md.

Doc comments (#!) for Inputs/Outputs
Inline comments (#) showing stack state

What it can do on your machine

Read from SKILL.md and the folder at commit 474c88e. It shows what the files ask for, not the result of running them.

Tool permissions
Pre-approves nothing: there is no allowed-tools line, so your agent's usual permission prompts apply.
From allowed-tools in the SKILL.md frontmatter.
Runs code
No scripts in the folder and no shell commands in SKILL.md (its code samples are masm).
From the folder's file list and the shell code blocks in SKILL.md.
Network
No URLs in SKILL.md.
From URLs in SKILL.md, links to its own repository left out.
Credentials
Names these keys or tokens, usually read from environment variables:
- PUB_KEY
From names ending in _API_KEY, _TOKEN, _SECRET, _KEY or _PASSWORD in SKILL.md.

Context cost

Masm Padding loads about 1.2k tokens when it runs. Until then it costs about 58 tokens; SKILL.md has 484 words of instructions outside code blocks.

Always · name and description, kept in context so the agent knows when to use it: ~58
When it runs · the whole SKILL.md, loaded when a task matches: ~1.2k

Estimates: characters ÷ 4, the usual rule of thumb; real counts depend on the model's tokenizer. Scripts and assets cost tokens only if the agent reads them.

Safety

Auto-check passed

The automated check found no risky patterns in SKILL.md.

Automated static check — not a guarantee. Review scripts before installing. It scans the text of SKILL.md for risky patterns (piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files, hidden Unicode, destructive commands); files beside SKILL.md are not scanned.

SKILL.md

The full file from 0xMiden/protocol at commit 474c88e, republished under its MIT licence (© 0xMiden). 484 words, ~1,223 tokens.

Download SKILL.mdSave it as .claude/skills/masm-padding/SKILL.md (or your agent's skills folder).

name: masm-padding
description: Enforce stack padding conventions for Miden Assembly (.masm) procedures based on invocation type (call vs exec). Use when editing, reviewing, or creating .masm procedures, especially those with Invocation annotations.

MASM Padding Conventions

Overview

Padding requirements differ based on procedure invocation type:

Invocation	Padding Required	Input/Output Elements
`call`	Explicit padding in comments	Exactly 16
`exec`	No explicit padding	No requirement

Stack Depth Floor: 16

Miden VM enforces a minimum operand-stack depth of 16 elements (MIN_STACK_DEPTH = 16 in the VM core). When an operation would naively shrink the stack below 16, the VM auto-fills the missing positions with zeros via the overflow-table mechanism. The actual depth stays exactly 16; only the visible content shrinks.

This invariant applies at the entry boundary of:

call procedures,
note scripts and transaction scripts (entered via dyncall at depth 16).

It does NOT apply to mid-chain exec procedures, which share the caller's stack and can drop the visible count below 16 by consuming caller elements (see Danger Zone).

Tracking the floor in inline comments

When the naive math would put the stack below 16, the # => tracker must reflect the actual auto-padded depth, not the naive count.

masm

# entry at depth 16: [VALUE, pad(12)]
dropw
# => [pad(16)]   # correct: VALUE replaced with zeros, depth still 16

Not:

masm

# => [pad(12)]   # wrong: depth is still 16, only the visible content shrank

This shows up most often at the start of note scripts that don't use their input arguments:

masm

@note_script
pub proc main(args: NoteArgs)
    dropw
    # => [pad(16)]
    ...
end

Call Procedures

Procedures invoked with call must have explicit padding in:

Doc comments (#!) for Inputs/Outputs
Inline comments (#) showing stack state

Doc Comment Format

Use pad(N) notation where N + other elements = 16:

masm

#! Inputs:  [ASSET, pad(12)]
#! Outputs: [pad(16)]
#!
#! Invocation: call
pub proc receive_asset

Inline Comment Format

Track padding through the procedure:

masm

exec.native_account::set_item
# => [OLD_VALUE, pad(12)]

dropw
# => [pad(16)] auto-padded to 16 elements

Exec Procedures

Procedures invoked with exec should NOT have explicit padding:

masm

#! Inputs:  [PUB_KEY]
#! Outputs: []
#!
#! Invocation: exec
pub proc authenticate_transaction

Why No Padding for Exec

exec procedures share the caller's stack directly. Explicit padding would be misleading because:

The actual stack may have additional elements from the caller
The procedure may consume caller's stack elements

Danger Zone

If an exec procedure's stack falls below the specified stack elements, it will consume stack items from its caller, potentially leading to unexpected behavior. This is a bug and should be fixed by ensuring the procedure maintains sufficient stack depth and avoiding dropping more stack elements than available.

Show full SKILL.md (169 more words)Show less

Example of Dangerous Behavior

masm

# => [num_approvers, threshold]
dropw # dropw drops 4 elements, which will result in "negative" stack consumption (consuming 2 elements from the caller's stack)

Intermediate States

Inside a procedure, the stack may temporarily exceed 16 elements:

masm

# => [num_approvers, threshold, MULTISIG_CONFIG, pad(12)]
#     ^--- 18 elements total, must be reduced before return

These extra elements must be explicitly dropped before the procedure returns (directly or via called procedures).

Debugging Stack Depth

Use the event-based procedures in miden::core::debug to inspect VM state. These are ordinary procedure calls: they emit print events whenever invoked, affect the program being executed, and consume cycles (print_stack costs 3 cycles). Remove them from production programs.

masm

use miden::core::debug

begin
    exec.debug::print_stack
    sdepth push.16 eq assert.err="depth must be 16 here"
end

Validation Checklist

For all invocation types:

Inline # => trackers reflect the post-auto-pad depth (never below 16) at boundaries that enforce the floor (call, note scripts, tx scripts)
No miden::core::debug procedure call is left in production MASM

For call procedures:

Inputs doc comment shows exactly 16 elements with pad(N)
Outputs doc comment shows exactly 16 elements with pad(N)
Inline comments use # => format with pad(N) notation
All intermediate states track the full stack including padding

For exec procedures:

No pad(N) in Inputs/Outputs doc comments
No explicit padding in inline stack state comments
Verify stack never drops below safe depth

Files

Just SKILL.md in .claude/skills/masm-padding of 0xMiden/protocol.

Open the folder on GitHubat commit 474c88e

Compare with similar skills

Masm Padding next to the 5 skills that share the most tags, products or categories with it. Stars are the repository's; “used in” counts other GitHub owners with a copy.

Masm Padding compared with similar skills
Skill	Stars	Used in	Tokens	Auto-check	Licence	Repo updated
Masm Padding this skill0xMiden/protocol	133	—	~1.2k	Automated safety check: Pass	MIT	yesterday
Diagram Designcathrynlavery/diagram-design	45k	1 repos	~7.5k	Automated safety check: Pass	MIT	today
Simple Englishmoeru-ai/airi	50k	2 repos	~4.6k	Automated safety check: Pass	MIT	today
Get API Docs with chubandrewyng/context-hub	14k	2 repos	~775	Automated safety check: Pass	MIT	4 mo ago
Doc SyncJetBrains/ideavim	10k	2 repos	~2.6k	Automated safety check: Pass	MIT	yesterday
Mailspring App ScreenshotsFoundry376/Mailspring	18k	—	~1.5k	Automated safety check: Pass	GPL-3.0	today

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Questions about Masm Padding

What does Masm Padding do?

Enforce stack padding conventions for Miden Assembly (.masm) procedures based on invocation type (call vs exec). Masm Padding is an agent skill from 0xMiden/protocol.masm) procedures based on invocation type (call vs exec).

When should I use Masm Padding?

Masm Padding fits situations like: creating .masm procedures; especially those with Invocation annotations.

How do I install Masm Padding in Claude Code?

Run `npx skills add 0xMiden/protocol --skill masm-padding -a claude-code`. Or copy the skill folder (.claude/skills/masm-padding in 0xMiden/protocol) into .claude/skills/masm-padding in your project. Claude Code loads it when a task matches its description.

How do I install Masm Padding in Codex?

Run `npx skills add 0xMiden/protocol --skill masm-padding -a codex`. Or copy the skill folder (.claude/skills/masm-padding in 0xMiden/protocol) into .agents/skills/masm-padding in your project. Codex loads it when a task matches its description.

Can I use Masm Padding in Cursor, Gemini CLI or GitHub Copilot?

Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot and OpenCode also load SKILL.md folders. With the skills CLI, run `npx skills add 0xMiden/protocol --skill masm-padding -a cursor` (or -a gemini-cli, github-copilot or opencode for the others). To copy it by hand, put the folder in .cursor/skills/masm-padding, .gemini/skills/masm-padding, .github/skills/masm-padding and .opencode/skills/masm-padding in your project.

What does Masm Padding need to run?

Going by SKILL.md and its folder, Masm Padding needs credentials named PUB_KEY. Our summary lists: A credential in PUB_KEY.

Does Masm Padding access the network?

SKILL.md contains no URLs. Any network use would come from the scripts or tools the agent runs. This is read from the text; nothing was executed.

Is Masm Padding safe to install?

Our automated static check of SKILL.md found no risky patterns, such as piping downloads into a shell, reading credential files or hidden Unicode. It is not a guarantee. Review the folder before installing.

What licence does Masm Padding use?

Masm Padding is published under the MIT licence (the repository's licence). It allows redistribution, so the full SKILL.md is shown on this page.

How many tokens does Masm Padding use?

About 1.2k tokens (SKILL.md is roughly 4.9k characters). Agents keep only the skill's name and description in context until a task matches; then they load SKILL.md in full.

What are the alternatives to Masm Padding?

Skills that share tags, products or a category with Masm Padding: Diagram Design (cathrynlavery/diagram-design, 45k stars), Simple English (moeru-ai/airi, 50k stars), Get API Docs with chub (andrewyng/context-hub, 14k stars) and Doc Sync (JetBrains/ideavim, 10k stars). The comparison table on this page puts their stars, adoption, token cost, safety result and licence side by side.

Who maintains Masm Padding?

0xMiden (a GitHub organization) maintains it in 0xMiden/protocol, which has 133 GitHub stars. The repository holds 35 skills in this directory. The repository was last updated on October 7, 2026.

Source: 0xMiden/protocol on GitHub. Facts on this page come from the repository at the commit we read; the author's words are quoted as theirs.

Install Masm Padding

Facts

At a glance

What it does

When your agent uses it

Example prompts

Requirements

Workflow steps

What it can do on your machine

Tool permissions

Runs code

Network

Credentials

Context cost

Safety

SKILL.md

MASM Padding Conventions

Overview

Stack Depth Floor: 16

Tracking the floor in inline comments

Call Procedures

Doc Comment Format

Inline Comment Format

Exec Procedures

Why No Padding for Exec

Danger Zone

Example of Dangerous Behavior

Intermediate States

Debugging Stack Depth

Validation Checklist

Files

Compare with similar skills

Similar skills

More from 0xMiden/protocol

Related

Questions about Masm Padding